十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵萃取Au(CN)_2^-的微观机理  

Mechanism of Gold Extraction from Cyanide Solution by Tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride

作　　者：姜健准[1] 周维金[1] 高宏成[1] 吴瑾光[1] 徐光宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2002年第12期2230-2233,共4页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：云南省-北京大学科技合作项目 ( B980 8k);国家自然科学基金 (批准号 :2 0 0 2 30 0 5 )资助

摘　　要：通过萃取平衡、傅里叶变换红外光谱及分峰技术研究了季铵盐十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵 ( TDM-BAC) -磷酸三丁酯 ( TBP) -正庚烷体系萃取 Au( CN) - 2 的机理及过程 .提出了萃合物的结构模型是基于氢键的超分子体系 ,组成为 [R4N+]· [Au( CN) - 2 ]· 4 H2 O· 4 TBP.当有机相金浓度大于 3g·L- 1 时 ,有机相中存在聚集现象 .通过激光光散射技术测定了有机相中反向胶团的大小 ,表明萃取过程是分散在水相中的胶团在协萃剂 (或助表面活性剂 )作用下溶入有机相 ,转型为反向胶团或微乳液 ( W/O型 )聚集状态 .The mechanism of solvent extraction of gold from cyanide solution by quaternary ammonium salt, tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride(TDMBAC)/tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP)/heptane was studied. The microstructure of complexes, ·[Au(CN) - 2]·4H 2O·4TBP, in the organic phase was proposed based on hydrogen-bonding mechanism. Aggregations formed when gold (Ⅰ) mass concentration in the organic phase reached 3 g·L -1. The radii of aggregations were determined by dynamic laser scattering(DLS). During the extraction process, the complexes of TDMBAC and Au(CN) - 2 formed micelles in the aqueous phase. When cosolvent such as TBP was added to the aqueous phase, the complexes transferred into the organic phase and reversed micelles or microemulsion (W/O) were formed.

关 键 词：萃取 微观机理 微乳液 Au(CN)2^- FTIR 十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵 反向胶团 黄金 生产 氰化物浸取液 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF804.