加速器驱动次临界系统的中高能质子轰击厚靶中子学实验研究  

Experimental Study on Neutronics in Bombardment of Thick Targets by High Energy Proton Beams for Accelerator-driven Sub-critical System

作　　者：郭士伦[1] 李丽[1] 史永谦[1] 申庆彪[1] 万俊生[2] R.Brandt P.Vater B.A.Kulakov M.I.Krivopustov A.N.Sosnin 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院核物理研究所,北京102413 [2]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024 [3]Kernchemie,UniversitatMarburg [4]JointInstituteforNuclearResearch

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2002年第6期554-557,共4页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (19975 0 71) ;中-德-俄科技合作项目

摘　　要：利用俄罗斯杜布纳联合核子研究所的高能加速器进行加速器驱动次临界系统 (ADS)靶区中子学研究。用 0 .5 33、1 .0、3.7和 7 4GeV质子轰击U(Pb)、Pb和Hg靶的测量结果表明 :U(Pb)和Pb与Hg靶的中子产额比分别为 ( 2 0 1± 0 1 0 )和 ( 1 76± 0 33) ,从获得较强中子的角度看 ,Hg作为ADS靶是不利的 ;沿厚 2 0cm靶的中子产额随入射质子穿透深度增大而下降 ,质子能量越低 ,中子产额下降越快 ,为在较大厚度范围内获得较均匀的中子场 ,质子能量不应低于 1GeV ;不同能量质子产生的次级中子能谱相近 ,但随质子能量提高 ,较高能量中子的比例逐渐增大。The experimental study on neutronics in the target region of accelerator-driven sub-critical system is carried out by the high energy accelerator in Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. The experiments with targets U(Pb), Pb and Hg bombarded by 0.533, 1.0 ,3.7 and 7.4 GeV proton beams show that the neutron yield ratio of U(Pb) to Hg and Pb to Hg targets is ( 2.10±0.10) and (1.76±0.33), respectively. Hg target is disadvantageous to U(Pb) and Pb targets to get more neutrons. Neutron yield drops along 20 cm thick targets as the thickness penetrated by protons increases. The lower the energy of protons, the steeper the neutron yield drops. In order to get more uniform field of neutrons in the targets, the energy of protons from accelerators should not be lower than 1 GeV. The spectra of secondary neutrons produced by different energies of protons are similar, but the proportion of neutrons with higher energy gradually increases as the proton energy increases.

关 键 词：高能质子 实验研究 加速器驱动次临界系统 厚靶 中子学 

分 类 号：TL411.1[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]