小斜角肌神经面的应用解剖学研究及其临床意义  

An anatomical study of scalenus minimus muscle at the neural surface: its clinical significance

作　　者：尹望平[1] 陈德松[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学金山医院骨科,上海200540 [2]复旦大学华山医院手外科

出　　处：《中华手外科杂志》2002年第4期233-235,共3页Chinese Journal of Hand Surgery

基　　金：上海市卫生局区 (县 )级学科带头人培养计划基金资助项目 (980 0 2 )

摘　　要：目的　探讨小斜角肌神经面的形态特点及其临床意义。方法　对 64侧成人尸体的小斜角肌特别是小斜角肌神经面的形态进行了大体观察。结果　小斜角肌的出现率为 84.4%。其神经面 (小斜角肌和臂丛下干接触的界面 )可以分为 6种类型 :Ⅰ型即全部为腱性者最多占 37% ;Ⅱ型其中央为腱性 ,两端为肌性 ;Ⅲ型的下 1/ 2为腱性 ,上 1/ 2为肌性 ;Ⅳ型的内侧 1/ 2为腱性 ,外侧 1/ 2为肌性 ;Ⅴ型的外侧为腱性 ,内侧为肌性 ;Ⅵ型全部为肌性。结论　腱性或部分腱性的小斜角肌神经面是臂丛神经受压的因素之一 ;神经面不同形态的腱性结构 。Objective To investigate the morphological characteristic of the neural surface of scalenus minimus muscle and its clinical significance. Methods Embalmed adult cadavers ( 64 sides ) were dissected,and the anatomy of scalenus minimus muscle, especially at the neural surface was observed. Results Scalenus minimus muscle was found in 84.4% of cadavers. They could be divided into 6 types at the interface between scalenus minimus muscle and lower trunk of brachial plexus: typeⅠ,tendon tissue at all surface ( 37% , most common type); type Ⅱ, tendon at the central part and muscle at the peripheral part; type Ⅲ, tendon at the lower half and muscle at the upper half; type Ⅳ, tendon at the medial half and muscle at the lateral half; type Ⅴ, tendon at the lateral surface and muscle at the medial surface; type Ⅵ, muscle at all surface. Conclusions The complete or partial fibrous tissue at the neural surface of scalenus minimus muscle is one of responsibility for compression of brachial plexus. The tendon of variable structure at the neural surface is easy to be mistaken as abnormal band during surgery.

关 键 词：小斜角肌 神经面 应用解剖学 临床意义 臂丛神经卡压 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]