丝绸之路视域下的犹太商人——开封犹太社团来历问题研究述评  

Jewish Merchants from the Perspective of the Silk Road: An Evalution of the Research on the Question of the Origins of the Jewish Community in Kaifeng

作　　者：张倩红[1,2] 贾森[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院 [2]河南大学犹太-以色列研究中心

出　　处：《国际汉学》2015年第3期49-60,201,共13页International Sinology

基　　金："河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队支持计划"(2013-CXTD-61);"河南省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地:犹太-以色列研究中心"的成果

摘　　要：贯穿东西的丝绸之路是不同国家、不同族群之间多元文化交流的历史明证,四处流散又善于经商的犹太人很早就成为丝路上的主要商旅。本文以丝绸之路上的商贸往来为宏观视域,以开封犹太人的来历考察为微观个案,梳理犹太人来华的可能性路线,以及不同文化元素在开封犹太社团的体现。文章在承认"波斯说"和"印度说"的基础上,认为开封犹太人来自可萨汗国的可能性同样存在。但无论是社团自身的遗存文献,还是西方传教士的调查访问,都证明了开封犹太人的波斯渊源更为深厚,受波斯文化的影响更为久远。The Silk Road linking the West and East world was historical evidence of the multicultural communication between different countries and groups. Jews skilled in business had been the major merchants along this road a long time ago. This article seeks to explain the possible routes of Jews coming to China, after investigating the origins of Kaifeng Jews and commercial exchanges on the Silk Road. Besides the 'Persian Hypothesis' and 'India Hypothesis', this article argues that the possibility of Kaifeng Jews coming from the Khazar Khanate also exists. However, both the extant documents of the Kaifeng Jewish community and the investigations carried out by western missionaries demonstrate that the Jews in Kaifeng had a more likely origin in Persia, and were more affected by Persian culture than anything else.

关 键 词：丝绸之路 开封犹太人 “波斯说” “印度说” 可萨汗国 

分 类 号：K107[历史地理—历史学]