如何保障博士培养质量?——美国四层次博士跟踪调查体系的研究与借鉴  

How to Guarantee the Quality of Doctoral Education?——The Research and Reference of American Four-level Doctoral Tracking System

作　　者：刘怡 刘晨光[1] Liu Yi;Liu Chenguang

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学

出　　处：《国家教育行政学院学报》2019年第9期53-60,共8页Journal of National Academy of Education Administration

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M653755)

摘　　要：如何提升博士培养质量、保持博士学位的核心竞争力是全球化时代世界各国面临的共同挑战。在此背景下,美国建立起由联邦政府、专业协会、研究学者和高等院校四层次组成的博士跟踪调查体系,覆盖博士培养和职业发展的全过程,囊括应届和往届博士在内的全体博士,包括从及时性评价到回溯性评价的全方位评价,具有全面性、系统性和持续性的特征,通过博士培养供给侧和需求侧的双重调节,构建了保障博士培养质量的内在机制。建议我国注重博士跟踪调查的全面性,建立全国性的博士调查机构;发挥研究学者的主动性,形成专业性的博士调查研究;突出院校研究的针对性,规范博士毕业生就业质量报告发布工作,以构建多层次博士跟踪调查系统,保障博士培养质量。How to improve the quality of doctoral training and maintain the core competitiveness of doctoral degree is a common challenge faced by all countries in the world in the era of globalization.In this context,the United States has established a four-level doctoral follow-up survey system consisting of the federal government,professional associations,research scholars and institutions of higher learning,which covers the entire process of doctoral training and career development,including all current and previous doctors,including all-round evaluation from timely evaluation to retrospective evaluation,and with the characteristics of comprehensiveness,systematicness and sustainability.The internal mechanism to guarantee the quality of doctoral training is constructed through the dual adjustment of supply side and demand side of doctoral training.It is suggested that China should pay attention to the comprehensiveness of doctoral follow-up survey and establish a nationwide doctoral research institution,give full play to the initiative of research scholars to form professional doctoral research,highlight the pertinence of university research and standardize the publication of doctoral graduates’employment quality reports,so as to build a multi-level doctoral follow-up survey system to ensure the quality of doctoral graduates’employment.

关 键 词：博士培养质量 博士调查 特征分析 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]