单细胞测序技术及应用进展  

Single Cell Sequencing Technology and Its Applications Progress

作　　者：朱忠旭[1] 陈新[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2015年第5期902-908,共7页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB944900);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31071161)共同资助

摘　　要：同一组织中的细胞往往被认为是具有相同状态的功能单位,传统的检测手段分析的是细胞群体的总体平均反应。然而通过对单个细胞的DNA或RNA进行测序,表明组织系统层面的功能是由异质性细胞构成的。单细胞测序以单个细胞为单位,通过全基因组或转录组扩增,进行高通量测序,能够揭示单个细胞的基因结构和基因表达状态,反映细胞间的异质性,在肿瘤、发育生物学、微生物学、神经科学等领域发挥重要作用,正成为生命科学研究的焦点。单细胞测序的难点是单个细胞的分离、单细胞基因组和转录组的扩增。本文主要介绍和分析了单细胞测序技术中常用的单细胞分离技术、单细胞基因组扩增技术和转录组扩增技术及其优缺点,并对当前已经取得成果的应用领域进行了阐述,为单细胞测序技术的研究与应用提供参考。Individual cells of the same phenotype are commonly viewed as identical functional units of a tissue.The analysis of traditional detection method always bases on the overall average reaction of cells. However, the sequencing of DNA or RNA from single cells suggests the system-level function of a tissue is produced by heterogeneous cell. Single cell genome or transcriptome can be sequenced after amplification based on single cell sequencing. It can reveal the structure and expression of genes and the heterogeneity between cells. Single cell sequencing technology has come into focus for the achievements in cancer, developmental biology, microbiology and neuroscience. The difficulty involves in single cell isolation, whole genome amplification and transcriptome amplification. In this review, we summarize the common single cell isolation technology, whole genome amplification technology and transcriptome amplification technology, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of current technologies. We also introduce the successful applications in different fields. This review provides references of single cell sequencing study and application.

关 键 词：单细胞 分离 扩增 应用 

分 类 号：Q2-33[生物学—细胞生物学]