天气与气候模式中次网格重力波拖曳参数化的研究  

Researches of Sub-Grid-Scale Gravity Wave Drag Parameterization in Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Models

作　　者：钟水新[1] 陈子通[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室,广州510080

出　　处：《高原气象》2015年第4期1177-1185,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406003;GYHY201406009);国家自然科学基金项目(41275053);广东科技计划项目(2012A061400012);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(2013A04)

摘　　要：从数值模式物理过程地形参数化研究的角度,回顾了次网格地形重力波拖曳参数化、地形阻塞流拖曳参数化和对流强迫拖曳参数化等方面的研究现状,总结概括了目前模式物理过程中关于地形参数化研究中若干亟待解决的科学问题。另外,在华南中尺度模式预报系统(GRAPES_Mars)中引进和发展了地形重力波拖曳参数化方案KA95,讨论了KA95方案对2012年2月8-12日华南冷空气过程的影响。结果表明,地形重力波拖曳参数化的引入较好地改善了GRAPES_Mars模式对冬、春季低层南风偏强和地面温度偏高的现象,显示出重力波拖曳参数化对改善模式风场预报的突出作用和对减小模式系统偏差的良好应用前景。An overviewof sub-grid-scale gravity wave drag parameterization in model physics of numerical weather prediction and climate simulation models is presented,as well as several scientific issues about the orographic parameterization in model physics is discussed. The present status and requirement for future development of the gravity wave drag parameterization is discussed,including the progress of gravity wave drag induced by sub-grid-scale Orography( GWDO),mountain blocking drag and convective derived gravity wave drag parameterization. The analysis of the parameterization of orographic gravity wave drag effect on the wind and temperature are emphasized,by implementing the KA95 GWDO scheme into GRAPES_TMM. The performance is evaluated against the non- GWDO parameterization by a cold air process over South China on 8- 12 February 2012.The results showthat the implementing of GWDO alleviates the strong south wind in the lower level and high surface temperature of forecasting caused by the south wind deviation which blocks the cold air dumping during winter and spring by GRAPES_TMM,which shows the good application of the parameterization of gravity wave drag to the wind forecast improvement and system deviation alleviation.

关 键 词：重力波拖曳参数化 GRAPES_Mars KA95方案 系统偏差 

分 类 号：P433[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]