中国西部5省预防接种安全注射现状及影响因素调查  

Investigation on the Current Status of Safe Iniection of Preventive Inoculation in Five Provinces of Western China and the Affecting Factors

作　　者：李艺星[1] 朱徐[1] 王晓军[1] 村上仁 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]日本国际协力事业团中国加强扩大免疫规划项目专家室,北京100050

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2002年第6期341-343,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：为了解中国加强扩大免疫规划项目省的基层计划免疫服务现状 ,在西部 5个省 (自治区 ,下同 )采用多阶段随机抽样方法进行了调查。根据基线调查数据 ,对 5个省的预防接种安全注射现状及其影响因素进行了分析。结果显示 :在 5个省调查的接种点中 ,完全使用一次性注射器的占 2 6 1 % ,完全使用玻璃注射器的占 2 7 5 % ,两者兼用的占 46 4%。一次性注射器的使用中能做到“一人一针一管”注射方式的占 92 2 % ,使用玻璃注射器能做到“一人一针一管”注射方式的占 52 5 %。有高压蒸汽灭菌器的接种点 ,乡 (镇 )卫生院和村卫生室使用的分别占 77 0 %、77 8% ,仍分别有 9 7%～ 1 2 4%和 2 0 4%～ 2 3 1 %使用热水冲洗或浸泡和酒精棉擦拭的方式进行灭菌。对于预防接种技术正确掌握率为 70 9%～ 76 4%。建议加强安全注射和灭菌知识的培训 ,推广使用自毁型一次性注射器 ,加强监督 ,防止医源性感染 。In order to understand the current status of EPI service in grass roots units of provinces,where the EPI program was carried out,5 provinces(autonomous regions,the same below) in the western part of China were investigated by the method of multistage random sampling Based on the data of base line investigation,the safe injection of preventive inoculation and its affecting factors were analyzed The results showed that in inoculation sites of 5 provinces investigated,the usage of disposable syringes was 26 1%,of glass syringes was 27 5%,and the both was 46 4%,the injection of one person one syringe one needle with disposable syringe accounted for 92 2% and that of glass syringe was 52 5%. 77 0% and 77 8% of the inoculation sites in country(town)hospitals and clinics,respectively,used autoclaves for sterilization,but still there were 9 7%～12 4% and 20 4%～23 1% of the inoculation sites using hot water rinsing or soaking and alcohol cotton for sterilization. The rate for correct technical handling of routine immunization vaccination was 79 9%～76 4% Suggestions were put forward including enhancing training on safe injection knowledge and sterilization,popularization of usage of disposable syringes,strengthening supervision to prevent hospital infection,ensure practically the safety in preventive and medical injections

关 键 词：中国 影响因素 预防接种 安全注射 西部地区 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]