基于人体健康风险的垃圾填埋场腐殖土重金属污染评价及应用  

Evaluation and application of heavy metal pollution in landfill humus soil based on human health risk

作　　者：胡星路 晏闻博 裴宇 李瓒 张学涛 马文 HU Xinglu;YAN Wenbo;PEI Yu;LI Zan;ZHANG Xuetao;MA Wen(Powerchina Beijing Engineering Corpration Limited,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司,北京100024

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2025年第1期98-103,共6页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：以某典型老旧生活垃圾填埋场的垃圾堆体及腐殖土为研究对象,对垃圾堆体组分进行分析,基于农用地筛选值与绿化种植土壤标准分析腐殖土中Hg、Cd、As、Ni、Cu、Zn共6种重金属的污染特征,采用现行导则推荐的健康风险模型对腐殖土中重金属进行人体健康风险评价。结果表明,垃圾堆体组分以腐殖土为主,平均质量分数为39.72%;腐殖土中Cd、Cu、Zn浓度超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管理控制(试行)》(GB 15618—2018)农用地筛选值(pH值> 7.5),最大超标倍数分别为1.15、0.24、0.39,不宜作农业用土;Cd浓度超过《绿化种植土壤》(CJ/T 340—2016)Ⅲ类标准,最高超标倍数为0.075,建议腐殖土与绿化土壤混配后作为道路绿化带、工厂附属绿地等植物种植的绿化用土壤;对腐殖土中重金属进行人体健康风险评估,得出As的致癌风险不可接受,且以经口摄入及吸入土壤颗粒暴露途径为主,不宜作为建设用地用土。调查表明腐殖土是典型生活垃圾填埋场堆体的重要组成部分,利用人体健康风险评估方法开展腐殖土系统性分析,可为垃圾堆体的腐殖土资源化利用去向提供科学依据。Using the waste pile and humus soil from a typical old domestic waste landfill as research objects,this pa-per analyzes the components ofthe waste pile.Based on the screening values for agricultural land use and the standards for planting soil greening,the pollution characteristics of six heavy metals,including Hg,Cd,As,Ni,Cu,and Zn in the humus soil are analyzed.In the meantime,the current recommended health risk model is used to evaluate the human health risks associated with the heavy metals in the humus soil.The results show that the main component of the waste pile is humus soil,with an average mass fraction of 39.72%.The concentrations of Cd,Cu,and Zn exceed the agricul-tural land screening values(pH>7.5)specified in Soil Environmental Quality:Risk Management and Control of Soil Pollution in Agricultural Land(Trial)(GB 15618—2018),with maximum exceeding multiples of 1.15,0.24,and 0.39.Hence,it is not suitable for agricultural purposes.The concentration of Cd exceeds the Class III standard of Gre-ening Planting Soil(CJ/T 340—2016),with a maximum multiple exceeding 0.075.It is recommended to mix humus soil with greening soil and use it for planting in road greenbelts,factory-affiliated green spaces,and other areas.The human health risk assessment of heavy metals indicates that the carcinogenic risk of As is unacceptable,with oral in-take and inhalation of soil particles as the main exposure pathways.Therefore,it is not suitable for use as construction land.The investigation shows that humus soil is an essential component of the typical domestic waste landfill pile.The systematic analysis of humus soil based on using human health risk assessment methods,provides a scientific founda-tion for the resource utilization and disposal of humus soil from waste piles.

关 键 词：垃圾填埋场 健康风险评估 腐殖土 重金属 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]