中国国际河流合作的空间格局及形成机制  

Spatial pattern and mechanism of China’s international river cooperation

作　　者：潘莹[1,2] 李灿松 刘晓凤[3] Pan Ying;Li Cansong;Liu Xiaofeng(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Southwest United Graduate School,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Field of Urban Governance and Design,Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [2]西南联合研究生院,云南昆明650500 [3]香港科技大学城市治理与设计学域,广东广州510000

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第12期2103-2112,共10页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：云南省哲学社会科学创新团队项目(2023CX02);云南省中青年学术带头人后备人才项目(202105AC160059);国家自然科学基金项目(42101231);云南省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB202444);云南省哲学社会科学规划智库项目(ZK2023YB12)资助。

摘　　要：中国是众多国际河流的发源地之一,与周边诸多国家存在“一衣带水”的关系。国际河流条约是沿岸国家间合作的一种重要形式,然而在多因素综合作用下如何达成这种合作的系统探讨较鲜见。本文采用清晰集定性比较分析法(csQCA)解析了与中国签署国际河流条约规范文件的周边国家的空间格局,发掘国际河流合作得以达成的多种要素匹配共现的条件;基于跨境政治生态学的理论思想,着重关注河流自然生态特征、流经国特征及国家间关系等因素共同构成的国际河流合作形成机制。主要结论有:(1)中国签署的国际河流条约在地区分布上以东北部和西南部的签约数量居多,在主题分布上以河流的治理、综合开发利用和经济合作为合作重点。(2)影响中国签署国际河流条约的单项因素中,河流大小和流域国家间的国际关系对条约签署起决定性作用;多因素条件组合中,覆盖率最高的路径为:只流经中国和一个非G20大国的大型国际河流在缺乏流域管理机构的情况下,通常会与全面战略合作伙伴及以上等级关系的国家合作。(3)不同合作主题的条约的影响因素存在一定差异,反映出国际河流合作的多元性和复杂性。本文系统展示了国际河流合作达成的多因素综合分析视角,为中国在国际合作中展示负责任的大国形象提供了参考。China serves as the origin of numerous international rivers.Collaboration between China and the neighboring countries along these international rivers materializes primarily through international river treaties.Building on a new dataset,we map the geographical distribution of these treaties and employ qualitative comparative analysis(csQCA)to investigate the combination of key factors leading to the signing of the treaties.Grounded in the theoretical framework of transboundary political ecology,this study emphasizes nature and political factors encompassing the inherent ecological attributes of rivers,the characteristics of the countries through which these rivers flow,and the interrelationships among these nations.Findings include:1)Northeastern and southwestern regions have signed more treaties.Focal points of cooperation in these treaties encompass river management,comprehensive development and utilization,and economic collaboration.2)Factors influencing China’s involvement in international river treaties underscore the size of the river and the diplomatic relations between riparian nations.3)Diverse influencing factors are at play with regard to different facets of cooperation,reflecting the multifaceted and intricate nature of international river collaboration.This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the determinants influencing international river cooperation and offers a reference for China to demonstrate its image as a responsible power in international cooperation.

关 键 词：国际河流 河流条约 定性比较分析 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]