基于地表温度和遥感云平台的中国城市水体提取与时空演化研究  

Urban surface water extraction and its spatial-temporal changes based on land surface temperature and remote sensing cloud platform in China

作　　者：李楠[1,2] 崔耀平[1,2] 付一鸣 冉立山[3] 刘小燕 史志方 周岩 Li Nan;Cui Yaoping;Fu Yiming;Ran Lishan;Liu Xiaoyan;Shi Zhifang;Zhou Yan(Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Ministry of Education,Kaifeng 475004,Henan,China;College of Geographical Sciences,Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering,Henan University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Department of Geography,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南开封475004 [2]河南大学地理科学与工程学部/地理科学学院,河南郑州450046 [3]香港大学地理系,中国香港999077

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第12期2205-2214,共10页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071415);中原青年拔尖人才项目;河南省高校科技创新团队项目资助。

摘　　要：本文选取中国32个省会及以上城市建成区和中国香港特别行政区为研究区,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)遥感大数据云平台技术,通过长时序Landsat遥感影像,结合传统水体指数和城市阴影指数构建了一个基于地表温度和混合指数的水体自动提取方法,并在24894幅Landsat遥感影像上自动生产了中国主要城市1990-2020年30m空间分辨率的地表水体数据。结果表明:引入地表温度可以大幅提高城市地表水体提取的精度,城市地表水体的提取总体精度均在93%以上;研究时段内,地表水体面积整体呈增加趋势,从1990年的2758.3 km~2增长到2020年为3 424.1 km^(2),2012年以后水体增长尤为明显。本研究提出的联立LST的城市水体提取方法可以大幅提升城市地表水体的遥感提取精度,同时本研究也可为中国城市水资源管理及规划提供科学数据支撑。Urban surface water is increasingly important to urban ecology and development,but complex urban surface environment,shadow,and other noise interferences always restrict the extraction of urban surface water,and long time series urban surface water data sets are especially scarce.In order to reveal the real changes of surface water in major cities in China,this study selected 33 built-up areas of provincial capitals in China,inclding Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,as the study area.Based on Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud computing platform for remote sensing big data,long time series Landsat remote sensing images were used.Combining traditional water index and urban shadow index,an automatic water extraction method with Land Surface Temperature(LST)was constructed.Based on 24894 Landsat remote sensing images,annual surface water data with 30 m spatial resolution in major cities in China during 1990-2020 were automatically produced.The results showed that the overall accuracy of urban surface water extracted in this study was above 93%.During this study period,surface water showed an overall increasing trend,increasing from 2758.3 km2 in 1990 to 3424.1 km2 in 2020,and the area of urban surface water increased by 665.7 km2.This study highlights LST can effectively distinguish urban water and other urban cover types,and also provide scientific data support for urban water resources management in China.

关 键 词：城市水体 地表温度 高反射地物 城市阴影 遥感大数据 

分 类 号：K909[历史地理—人文地理学]