老年人身体复原力量表在社区老年人中的心理测量学评价  

Psychometric evaluation of Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults among community⁃dwelling elderly

作　　者：董澳华 张会君 孔令慧 DONG Aohua;ZHANG Huijun;KONG Linghui(School of Nursing,Jinzhou Medical University,Liaoning 121001 China)

机构地区：[1]锦州医科大学护理学院,辽宁121001

出　　处：《护理研究》2025年第1期79-85,共7页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：2021年度辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目,编号:L21BGL023。

摘　　要：目的:以经典测量理论(CTT)和项目反应理论(IRT)为基础,对老年人身体复原力量表(PRIFOR)在社区老年人群中进行心理测量学评价。方法:采用便利抽样法于2023年6月—9月选取锦州市锦绣社区、松北社区、新安社区的老年人作为调查对象。运用Rasch分析和经典测量理论分析方法评价量表的信效度。结果:PRIFOR量表包括积极思维、应对与调整生活方式、信念与希望的心态3个维度,共16个条目。PRIFOR条目水平的内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.857~1.000,量表水平的内容效度指数(S-CVI)为0.973;探索性因子分析提取3个公因子,累积方差贡献率为69.035%;总量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.923,各维度Cronbach'sα系数为0.827~0.903。Rasch分析结果显示,量表的3个维度都具备良好的单维性,各条目与所在维度拟合程度佳;各条目的内部拟合指数信息加权均方拟合统计量(Infit MNSQ)和外部拟合指数异常值敏感拟合统计量(Outfit MNSQ)为0.50~1.50;不同特征亚组(性别)项目功能差异分析显示,差异值(DIF contrast)绝对值均<0.50;各维度的条目信度均>0.90,个体信度均>0.80,分离指数均>2。怀特图结果显示,被试者能力呈正态分布,量表的条目难度与老年人的平均能力水平相适配。结论:PRIFOR具有良好的信效度,可用于社区老年人身体复原力的测量,为后期开展老年人身体复原力的相关研究提供评估参考。Objective:To psychometrically evaluate the Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults(PRIFOR)in elder adults in the community based on CTT and IRT.Methods:We selected elderly individuals from three communities in Jinzhou city,Liaoning province,using a convenient sampling method.We assessed the scale's reliability using both classical measurement theory analysis and Rasch analysis.Results:The PRIFOR consisted of 16 entries in 3 dimensions,including positive thinking,coping and adjusting lifestyle,and belief and hopeful mindset.The I-CVI of PRIFOR was 0.857-1.000,and the S-CVI was 0.973.The exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 69.035%;the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total scale was 0.923,and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients of each dimension were 0.827-0.903.The results of Rasch analysis showed that the three dimensions of the scale had good unidimensionality,and the fit of each item to the dimension in which it was located was good.The Infit MNSQ and Outfit MNSQ of each item were in the range of 0.50-1.50.The analysis of the functional differences of the items in different genders showed that the absolute value of the DIF contrast was<0.50.The reliability of the entries of each dimension was>0.90,individual reliability was>0.80,and separation index was>2.0.The results of the Wright Map showed that the ability of the subjects was normally distributed,and the difficulty of the scale's items was compatible with the average ability level of the elderly.Conclusion:The PRIFOR has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure physical resilience in community-dwelling old people,providing assessment references for later studies related to physical resilience in old people.

关 键 词：老年人身体复原力量表 经典测量理论 项目反应理论 Rasch分析 心理测量学评价 社区 老年人 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]