利用东乡普通野生稻染色体片段置换系鉴定抗穗发芽QTL  

Identification of QTL for Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance by Using Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines of Dongxiang Common Wild Rice

作　　者：胡佳晓 刘进 马小定[2] 涂夯 周慧颖 孟冰欣 崔迪[2] 黎毛毛[1] 韩龙植[2] 余丽琴[1] HU Jiaxiao;LIU Jin;MA Xiaoding;TU Hang;ZHOU Huiying;MENG Bingxin;CUI Di;LI Maomao;HAN Longzhi;YU Liqin(Rice Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Research Center of Jiangxi Crop Germplasm Resources,Nanchang 330200,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所/江西省农作物种质资源研究中心,江西南昌330200 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第11期61-68,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项(20232ACF01001);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200500,2021YFD1200501-7)。

摘　　要：【目的】高温阴雨天气导致水稻生产田出现穗发芽(Pre-harvest Sprouting,PHS),种子活力降低,严重影响水稻产量与品质性状。鉴定筛选抗穗发芽种质及基因资源是培育抗穗发芽水稻新品种、消除稻谷穗发芽产生危害的根本途径。【方法】以强休眠、不易穗发芽的东乡野生稻‘C35’为供体亲本、较易穗发芽的‘日本晴’(NIP)为受体亲本构建的染色体片段置换系(CSSLs)群体为试验材料,于2021—2023年进行抗穗发芽特性鉴定评价,筛选抗穗发芽种质和鉴定主效QTL。【结果】不同环境下东乡野生稻‘C35’休眠性较强、穗发芽率均为0.00%,‘日本晴’存在明显穗发芽现象、穗发芽率均值为31.95%;CSSLs穗发芽率变幅较大,不同年份穗发芽率表型重复性较好,筛选到10份强休眠、抗穗发芽的种质;共检测到14个控制穗发芽率QTL,4个QTL在不同环境下被重复检测到,相关QTL在染色体上形成qPHSRC1、qPHSRC2、qPHSRC8和qPHSRC9等4个QTL簇,其中主效QTL簇qPHSRC2和qPHSRC9的LOD值、表型贡献率和加性效应值较大,qPHSRC2为新发现的主效QTL簇。【结论】鉴定筛选出一批抗穗发芽的种质材料,定位到14个抗穗发芽QTL,筛选出4个重复性较好的QTL簇,发现1个调控穗发芽率的新主效QTL簇qPHSRC2。【Objective】High-temperature and rainy weather lead to pre-harvest sprouting(PHS),severely impacting yield and quality traits of rice.Identification and screening of germplasm or genetic resources is a fundamental pathway for developing new varieties resistant to PHS and eliminating PHS damage.【Method】In the study,a set of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs)derived from Dongxiang wild rice(‘C35’)as the donor parent and‘Nipponbare’(‘NIP’)as the recipient parent were used as the experimental materials,and then PHS resistance were evaluated and QTLs were mapped in 2021-2023,with an aim to screen PHS germplasm and identify major QTLs.【Result】Dongxiang wild rice‘C35’exhibited strong dormancy under different environments with a pre-harvest sprouting rate(PHSR)of 0.00%;‘Nipponbare’showed significant PHS with an average PHSR of 31.95%.The PHSR varied widely among CSSL populations,the phenotypic repeatability of PHSR was relatively high in different years,and ten lines from the CSSL populations with strong dormancy and resistance to PHS were screened.A total of 14 QTLs controlling the PHSR were detected,and four QTLs were repeatedly detected under different environments.These QTLs formed four QTL clusters(qPHSRC1,qPHSRC2,qPHSRC8 and qPHSRC9),among which qPHSRC2 and qPHSRC9 had higher LOD values,phenotypic contribution rate(%)and additive effect,and qPHSRC2 was a newly discovered major QTL cluster【.Conclusion】A batch of PHS resistant germplasms were screened and 14 QTLs were mapped,four QTL clusters were repeatedly identified,and a new major QTL cluster qPHSRC2 controlling the PHSR was discovered.

关 键 词：不同年份环境 东乡普通野生稻 染色体片段置换系 抗穗发芽 QTL定位 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]