蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯载药乳液的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane drug-loaded emulsion

作　　者：黄雪[1] 范燕香 周红军[1] 周新华[1] 窦瑶 HUANG Xue;FAN Yanxiang;ZHOU Hongjun;ZHOU Xinhua;DOU Yao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,Guangdong,China;Chengdu Vocational and Technical College,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院化学化工学院,广东广州510225 [2]成都职业技术学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《化工进展》2024年第12期6913-6924,共12页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：广东省普通高校重点领域专项(2023ZDZX4022,2021ZDZX2056);成都职业技术学院科研团队项目(20KYTD07);广东省重点领域研发计划(2023B0202080002)。

摘　　要：为减少农药在使用过程中对环境造成的污染,提高疏水性农药阿维菌素(AVM)在作物中的有效应用,通过自乳化法合成了蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯乳液(CP)用于包覆AVM得到载药乳液(CPA),研究了不同蓖麻油(CO)含量载药乳液的化学结构、微观结构、热稳定性、接触角、叶面滞留量、抗紫外性能、缓释性能、杀虫活性和储存稳定性。结果表明,相比AVM分散液,CPA在黄瓜叶面上的接触角降低了20%以上,滞留量提高了50%以上,说明其在叶面上有较好的亲和力和润湿性;相同紫外强度照射下,CPA的半衰期相较AVM分散液延长了近一半,说明CPA具有良好的抗紫外性能;CPA的载药率在5.61%~6.62%之间,包封率可达70%以上,并具有良好的缓释性能,释药行为符合First-order动力学模型,药物释放受Fickian扩散控制,且CPA与AVM分散液对小菜蛾的杀虫活性无显著差异。To reduce the environmental pollution caused by pesticides and improve the effective application of the hydrophobic pesticide avermectin(AVM)in crops,castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane emulsion(CP)synthesized by self-emulsification method was coated AVM to obtain the drug-loaded emulsion(CPA).The chemical structure,microstructure,thermal stability,contact angle,leaf retention,ultraviolet resistance,sustained release performance,insecticidal activity and storage stability of drug-loaded emulsions with different castor oil(CO)contents were studied.The results showed that compared with AVM dispersion,the contact angle of CPA on cucumber leaves decreased by more than 20%and the retention increased by more than 50%,which indicated that CPA had better affinity and wettability on cucumber leaves.Under the same UV irradiation,the half-life of CPA was nearly half longer than AVM dispersion,indicating that CPA had good ultraviolet resistance.The drug loading rate of CPA was between 5.61%and 6.62%and the encapsulation efficiency was more than 70%.It had good sustained release performance.The drug release behavior conformed to the First-order kinetic model and was controlled by Fickian diffusion.There was no significant difference between CPA and AVM dispersion in the insecticidal activity against plutella xylostella.

关 键 词：蓖麻油 水性聚氨酯 缓释 乳液 载体 稳定性 

分 类 号：O636.9[理学—高分子化学]