美国联邦最高法院司法保守进路的再审视——以19世纪下半叶黑人宪法问题为核心  

Re-examination of the Conservative Approach of the U.S.Supreme Court--Focusing on the Constitutional Issues of African-American in the Second Half of the 19th Century

作　　者：李越 石庆环[1] LI Yue;SHI Qinghuan(History School,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学历史学部历史学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第6期132-141,共10页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：19世纪下半叶的美国联邦最高法院在涉及黑人宪法问题时采取了保守性的司法进路,不仅限制了国会在奴隶制问题上的立法权,而且一定程度上阻碍了联邦政府对黑人宪法权利的保护,造成了美国社会黑人种族矛盾与种族冲突的顽疾,甚至直至今日这一顽疾仍然困扰着美国。文章以19世纪下半叶黑人宪法权利案例为观察视角,透视美国联邦最高法院的保守主义判决,进而揭示美国宪政秩序演进的内在逻辑及美国政治制度的实质。In the second half of the 19th century,the U.S.Supreme Court adopted a conservative judicial approach when it came to black constitutional issues,which not only limited Congress's legislative power on slavery,but also,to a certain extent,hindered the federal government's protection of black constitutional rights,resulting in the stubborn problem of racial contradictions and conflicts among black people in American society still plaguing the United States today.Taking the cases of black constitutional rights in the second half of the 19th century as an observation perspective,this paper looks through the conservative decisions of the U.S.Supreme Court,and further reveals the internal logic of the evolution of the American constitutional order and the essence of the American political system.

关 键 词：美国宪政秩序 美国联邦最高法院 奴隶制 黑人权利 

分 类 号：K712.6[历史地理—历史学]