雌雄防己生物性状差异及利用SSR分子标记进行雌雄防己早期性别鉴定研究  

Differences in Biological Traits between Male and Female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)and Use of SSR Molecular Markers for Early Sex Identification Studied

作　　者：闫国跃 董志鹏 白燕远 李耀燕 苏梦雪 陈清[3] 谢阳姣 YAN Guoyue;DONG Zhipeng;BAI Yanyuan;LI Yaoyan;SU Mengxue;CHEN Qing;XIE Yangjiao(College of Yao Medicine,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Talent Highland for Zhuang&Yao Medicine and Combination of Medical Care and Elderly Care,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学瑶医药学院,广西南宁530200 [2]广西壮瑶医药与医养结合人才小高地,广西南宁530200 [3]广西中医药大学科学实验中心,广西南宁530200

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2025年第1期64-68,共5页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82360749,81760681);广西高校中青年教师科研能力提升项目(2021KY0288);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2022357)。

摘　　要：目的观察雌雄防己生物性状差异并筛选鉴定雌雄防己的简单重复序列(Simple Sequence Repeats,SSR)位点,为明确防己雌雄差异及早期鉴定防己性别提供方法和依据。方法以人工迁地种植4年的防己为实验材料,对其生物性状差异进行观测和分析,并利用SSR分子标记鉴定技术挖掘雌雄防己特异SSR位点并验证,筛选获得可用于早期鉴定雌雄防己的SSR标记位点。结果雌性防己株型较大,分枝较多,所测雌雄防己数值型表型性状在0.05显著水平下均无显著差异;粉防己碱和防己诺林碱及药材直径、表面颜色、断面颜色在雌雄防己间差异不显著,但雌性防己药材相较于雄性体轻质脆,粉性更低。用微卫星识别工具(MIcroSAtellite identification tool,MISA)挖掘SSR分子标记位点,共得标记位点38956个,其中雄性植株获得25632个位点,雌性植株获得30389个位点,通过对比雌雄防己特异SSR位点,共获得98个鉴别防己雌雄的优选位点,经验证基于该类位点两端保守序列设计的引物能够有效鉴定防己性别。结论雌雄防己表型性状及药材性状有一定的差异,但整体质量性状差异不明显;研究筛选的SSR分子标记差异基因位点能够在早期鉴定防己的性别,可为防己的种植产业发展提供有效依据。Objective To observe the differences in biological traits between male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)and to screen and identify simple sequence repeats(SSR)loci,so as to provide methods and basis for clarifying the differences between male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)and identifying the sexes of Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)in the early stage.Methods The differences in biological traits were observed and analyzed by using the artificial ex-situ planting for 4 years as experimental materials,and the SSR marker identification technology was used to dig out and verify the specific SSR loci of male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra),and the SSR marker sites that can be used for early identification of male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)were screened and obtained.Results There was no significant difference in the phenotypic traits of female and male Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)at the 0.05 significant level,and there was no significant difference in the diameter,surface color or cross-section color of male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra),but the diameter,surface color or cross-section color of of female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)were lighter and more brittle and powdery than those of male Fangji(Stephania tetrandra).A total of 38956 marker sites were obtained by mining SSR molecular marker sites with MISA,including 25632 loci for male plants and 30389 loci for female plants.Conclusion There were some differences in the phenotypic traits of male and female Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)and the traits of medicinal materials,but there was no significant difference in the overall quality traits.The SSR molecular marker differential loci screened in this study can identify the sex of Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)at an early stage,which can provide an effective basis for the development of Fangji(Stephania tetrandra)planting industry.

关 键 词：防己 性状差异 SSR分子标记 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]