RTA中环境规则与对外贸易低碳转型  

Environmental Rules and Low-carbon Transformation of Export Trade in RTAs

作　　者：张志明 尹卉 周训 ZHANG Zhiming;YIN Hui;ZHOU Xun(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院

出　　处：《国际贸易》2024年第12期28-40,共13页Intertrade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“高标准区域贸易协定对亚太产业链韧性的影响机制与中国对策研究”(24AJL010);国家社会科学基金一般项目“东南沿海典型湿地生态系统的碳汇贸易价值实现路径研究”(24BJY137);广东省哲学社会科学规划基金一般项目“区域贸易协定对广东深度参与全球产业链合作的影响机制及对策研究”(GD24CYJ30);“广东特支计划”青年文化英才特别委托项目“粤港澳大湾区数字化转型与现代化产业体系构建研究”(GD24VTC10)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着区域贸易协定(RTA)中环境规则数量和种类的不断增多,有关RTA中环境规则如何影响对外贸易低碳转型的问题已成为学术界亟需研究的重要课题。文章以涵盖环境规则的RTA签订为准自然实验,运用1995—2018年66个经济体的配对数据和多时点双重差分法,考察RTA中环境规则与对外贸易低碳转型之间的关系及其内在机制。研究结果表明:RTA中环境规则显著降低了单位出口额中隐含的二氧化碳排放量,即存在显著的对外贸易低碳转型效应,通过一系列稳健性检验发现该结论仍然成立。此外,这种效应存在着显著的产品、行业、环境规则内容及经济体对等等多重异质性。进一步的机制检验表明,RTA中环境规则主要通过促进知识共享和能源结构升级来推动对外贸易低碳转型。文章为中国扩大面向全球的高标准自由贸易区网络和“双碳”目标的实现提供了重要经验证据。As the number and variety of environmental rules in regional trade agreements(RTAs)continue to increase,understanding how environmental rules in RTAs affect the low-carbon transformation of export trade has become an important topic that needs urgent research.Using the signing of RTAs that include environmental rules as a quasi-natural experiment,the article examines the relationship between environmental rules in RTAs and the low-carbon transformation of export trade and its underlying mechanisms.This analysis employs paired data from 66 economies from 1995 to 2018 and utilizes a multi-period difference-in-differences approach.The research re-sults show that the environmental rules in RTAs significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions embodied in unit ex-ports,demonstrating a notable effect on the low-carbon transformation of export trade.This conclusion still holds after a series of robust tests.In addition,this effect has significant heterogeneity across products,industries,the content of environmental rules,and pairs of economies.Further mechanism testing shows that the environmental rules in RTAs can promote the low-carbon transformation of export trade by promoting knowledge sharing and up-grading energy structure.This article provides important empirical evidence for China to expand its network of high-standard free trade zones globally and achieve its"dual carbon"goals.

关 键 词：环境规则 对外贸易低碳转型 准自然实验 

分 类 号：F75[经济管理—国际贸易]