基于X射线光电子能谱(XPS)深度剖析技术的锂离子电池负极界面固体电解质(SEI)膜的组成分析  

Composition Analysis of Lithium-ion Battery Solid Electrolyte Interphase(SEI)Layers Revealed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)Depth Profiling

作　　者：刘佳梅 李超[3] 曹智 LIU Jiamei;LI Chao;CAO Zhi(Core Facilities and Experiment Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China;School of Chemistry,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学大型仪器设备共享实验中心,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院,西安710049 [3]西安交通大学化学学院,西安710049

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2025年第1期136-142,共7页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(22403074);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2024CX-GXPT-12)。

摘　　要：锂离子电池负极界面固体电解质(SEI)膜是决定电池性能与安全性的关键因素,准确解析SEI膜的化学组成及其深度分布对于认识SEI膜的形成机理和优化电池性能具有重要意义。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)深度剖析技术是研究SEI膜表面深度组分变化的重要方法,但在实际分析过程中存在诸多关键影响因素。通过XPS深度剖析技术系统研究了样品传递、溅射能量以及溅射面积等关键因素对SEI膜表面深度组分表征结果的影响。研究表明,样品传递方式的选择十分关键,空气中快速传样会导致SEI膜表面发生化学变化,因此应采用准原位传样方式以保持SEI膜的原始状态。在Ar+溅射过程中,适当提高溅射能量可以提高溅射速率,但不会对深度组成分布的分析结果造成明显影响。此外,研究还发现溅射面积大小对不同元素的溅射速率存在差异,表明溅射速率与元素种类有关,需要针对性地选择合适的溅射面积,以获得SEI膜准确的深度组成信息。研究结果为采用XPS深度剖析技术精准解析锂离子电池SEI膜的组成提供了有效的方法支持。The solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer on the surface of lithium-ion battery anodes is a critical factor to determine the performance and safety of batteries.Accurately analyzing the chemical composition and depth distribution of the SEI layer is essential for understanding its formation mechanism and optimizing battery performance.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)depth profiling technology is an important method to study the depth-dependent compositional changes of the SEI layer,but there are many key influencing factors in the actual analysis process.The effects of sample transfer,sputtering energy and sputtering area on the depth profile characterization of the SEI layer were systematically investigated by XPS depth profiling.The results showed that the choice of sample transfer method is crucial.Rapid transfer in air could lead to chemical changes on the SEI layer surface,so a quasi in-situ transfer method should be used to maintain the original state of the SEI layer.During Ar+sputtering,increasing the sputtering energy can enhance the sputtering rate without significantly affecting the analysis results of depth compositional distribution.Furthermore,the study found that the sputtering rate varies with the sputtering area for different elements,indicating that the sputtering rate is element-dependent.Therefore,it is necessary to carefully select the appropriate sputtering area to obtain accurate depth compositional information of the SEI layer.These research results provide effective methodological support for precisely analyzing the composition of lithium-ion battery SEI layers using XPS depth profiling,which can deepen the understanding of SEI formation mechanisms and provide important scientific basis for further optimizing battery performance.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 固体电解质膜 XPS深度剖析 溅射条件 溅射面积 

分 类 号：O657.62[理学—分析化学]