基于生态通道模型的铁港春秋季生态系统对比研究  

Compasion of characteristics of Tie Bay ecosystem in spring and autumn based on Ecopath model

作　　者：李天翔 罗民波[2] 王云龙[2] 蒋玫[2] LI Tianxiang;LUO Minbo;WANG Yunlong;JIANG Mei(College of Marines Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,China Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2024年第6期733-742,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家贝类产业技术体系(CARS-49);G228宁海西店至桃源段公路跨海桥梁工程项目海洋环境影响跟踪监测与验收服务项目。

摘　　要：根据2021年春季和秋季铁港渔业资源与生态环境现场调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE 6.5),构建了两个季节铁港港湾生态能量通道模型,分析了两个季节之间铁港港湾生态系统的结构和能量流动特征。设定春季为16个功能组,秋季为20个功能组,涵盖铁港港湾生态系统能量流动的整个过程。结果表明,秋季的能量转化效率远高于春季,秋季各功能组营养级水平及营养转化效率比春季均有上升。春季和秋季生态系统总能流分别为11 419.57 t·km^(-2)·a^(-1)和7 314.99 t·km^(-2)·a^(-1),各功能组营养级范围分别在1.00~3.66和1.00~4.34,均以牧食食物链为主要能流通道。浮游植物是系统能量的主要贡献者,高营养级功能组在生物量、生产量和能量流动方面占比较小,秋季渔业资源组份平均营养级在Ⅱ和Ⅲ之间。浮游植物、大部分底栖生物等处在能量流动关键位置的生物对多数功能组起到积极作用。综上所述,春季和秋季铁港港湾生态系统的能量利用率较低,仍有较多剩余生产量未被充分利用,其生态系统处于不成熟的发育阶段。According to the on-the-spot investigation of fishery resources and ecological environment in Tie Bay in spring and autumn of 2021,the ecological energy channel models of Tie Bay in spring and autumn were constructed by using Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE 6.5),and the structure and energy flow characteristics of Tie Bay ecosystem between two seasons were analyzed.There were 16 functional groups in spring and 20 functional groups in autumn,covering the whole process of energy flow in Tie Bay ecosystem.The results showed that the energy conversion efficiency in autumn was much higher than that in spring,and the nutritional level and nutritional conversion efficiency of each functional group in autumn were higher than that in spring.In spring and autumn,the total energy flow of ecosystem was 11 419.57 t·km~(-2)·a~(-1) and 7 314.99 t·km~(-2)·a~(-1),respectively.The trophic levels of each functional group ranged from 1.00 to 3.66 and 1.00 to 4.34,respectively,with grazing food chain as the main energy flow channel.Phytoplankton was the main contributor to system energy and the high trophic functional groups accounted for a small proportion in biomass,production and energy flow.The average trophic level of fishery resources in autumn was located between Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Phytoplankton and most benthos,which were in the key positions of energy flow,played positive roles in most functional groups.To sum up,the energy utilization rate of Tie Bay ecosystem was low in spring and autumn,and there was still a lot of surplus production that was not fully utilized,indicating that the ecosystem of Tie Bay was in an immature development stage.

关 键 词：铁港 生态系统 ECOPATH 营养级 能量流动 

分 类 号：S968.4[农业科学—水产养殖]