碳纤维复合材料蜂窝结构制备及轴向压溃力学行为研究  

Preparation of carbon fiber composite honeycomb structures and mechanical behavior of axial crush

作　　者：朱宏伟 刘轲 赵昌方 ZHU Hongwei;LIU Ke;ZHAO Changfang(Beijing Special Machinery Research Institute,Beijing 100143,China;Department of Engineering Mechanics,School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京特种机械研究所,北京100143 [2]清华大学航天航空学院工程力学系,北京100084

出　　处：《复合材料科学与工程》2024年第12期5-11,共7页Composites Science and Engineering

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2024M751640);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20231315)。

摘　　要：碳纤维增强复合材料具有优异的力学性能,尤其是缓冲吸能特性。复合材料的结构类型对力学性能的影响很大,合理的结构形状能更好地发挥复合材料的吸能和比吸能潜力。蜜蜂的六角柱蜂巢结构历经自然选择,具有良好的承载稳定性。通过组装和粘接单板制备了周期性正六角柱体蜂窝结构,其单板结构采用T700预浸料经组合模具热压成型获得。通过万能电子材料试验机开展了单板结构的准静态冲击试验,分析了渐进失效和分层破坏机理。为更好地模拟复合材料蜂窝结构的冲击失效行为,基于连续介质损伤力学提出了一种同时考虑复合材料层内和层间的破坏机制,并开发了有限元增量本构模型对单板结构进行仿真,其仿真结果与试验数据吻合较好,验证了有限元方法的可行性。在此基础上,对蜂窝结构进行了仿真模拟,讨论了蜂窝结构的冲击响应,分析了冲击载荷下的失效模式及吸能效果。本文的研究结果证明了蜂窝结构的稳定性和吸能特性,可为复合材料缓冲吸能结构的设计和应用提供参考。Carbon fiber reinforced composites(CFRP)have excellent mechanical properties,especially cushioning energy absorption properties.The structure type of the composite material products has a great influence on the mechanical properties,and a reasonable structural shape can better utilize the energy absorption and specific energy absorption potential of the composite material.The hexagonal column honeycomb structure of honey bees has been naturally selected to have good load-bearing stability.Bionic honeycomb structure,the periodic hexagonal cylinder honeycomb structure was prepared by assembling and bonding the single plates together,in which the single plate was obtained by vacuum hot-pressing method using T700 prepreg through a combination mold.The quasi-static impact experiments of the single plate were carried out by universal electronic material testing machine,and the progressive failure and delamination damage mechanisms were analyzed.To better simulate the impact failure behavior of the composite honeycomb structure,a damage mechanism that simultaneously considers both the intralaminar and interlaminar damage mechanisms of the CFRP laminate was proposed based on the continuum medium damage mechanics,and the incremental constitutive model in finite element form was developed,whose prediction results match well with the experimental results and verifies the feasibility of the finite element method.On this basis,simulations of the honeycomb structure were carried out to discuss the impact response of the honeycomb structure and analyze the failure modes and energy absorption effects under impact loading.The results of this paper demonstrate the stability and energy absorption characteristics of the honeycomb structure,which provides a reference for the design and application of CFRP structures in cushioning energy absorption engineering.

关 键 词：复合材料 蜂窝结构 破坏机制 渐进失效 缓冲吸能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]