用于输电铁塔驱鸟的多源能量采集器设计与研究  

Design and Study of Multi-Source Energy Harvester for Bird Repelling in Transmission Towers

作　　者：邢雨航 齐文东 卢筱蕾 崔明星 李忻睿 于鑫 Xing Yuhang;Qi Wendong;Lu Xiaolei;Cui Mingxing;Li Xinrui;Yu Xin(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学电气与电子工程学院,长春130012

出　　处：《微纳电子技术》2025年第1期92-100,共9页Micronanoelectronic Technology

基　　金：教育部春晖计划合作项目(Z2022JL001);吉林省科技厅项目(YDZJ202201ZYTS374)。

摘　　要：鸟类在输电铁塔上筑巢、栖息或飞行的行为可能导致与输电设备的接触,从而增加了短路、火灾和停电的风险。针对驱鸟装置供电方式单一与可靠性差的问题,设计了一种多源能量采集器,将摩擦纳米发电机与太阳能电池进行了集成式设计。采用双层摩擦结构的摩擦纳米发电机来提高风能的利用率,并结合太阳能电池实现输电铁塔上风能和光能的收集。实验结果表明外层发电结构的峰值功率是4500μW,内层发电结构的峰值功率是400μW,双层摩擦结构使发电效率提高了接近10%,在氙灯光照强度为20 W/dm^(2)下太阳能电池的最大开路电压为11.2 V,最大短路电流为40 mA。同时,基于LTC3588芯片设计了一种双通道功率管理电路,将摩擦纳米发电机与太阳能电池收集的能量经过能量存储、能量管理后为用电设备稳定提供3.3 V电压。采用该多源能量采集器驱动了计算器与蜂鸣器,为驱鸟供电与传感系统提供了新思路。Birds nest,roost or fly on transmission towers,which can lead to contact with transmission equipment,increasing the risk of short circuits,fires and power outages.In order to solve the problems of single power supply mode and poor reliability of bird repelling devices,a multi-source energy harvester was designed,and the triboelectric nanogenerator and solar cell were integrated.The triboelectric nanogenerator with double-layer friction structure was used to improve the utilization rate of wind energy,and the solar cell was combined to realize the collection of wind and light energy on the transmission tower.The experiment result shows that the peak power of the outer power generation structure is 4500μW,the peak power of the inner power generation structure is 400 μW, and the double-layer friction structure improves the powergeneration efficiency by nearly 10%. The maximum open circuit voltage of the solar cell is11.2 V and the maximum short circuit current is 40 mA at the light intensity of 20 W/dm^(2) ofxenon lamp. At the same time, a dual-channel power management circuit is designed based onthe LTC3588 chip, and the energy collected by the the triboelectric nanogenerator and solar cell isstored and managed to provide stable 3.3 V voltage for electrical equipment. The multi-sourceenergy harvester is used to drive the calculator and buzzer, which provides a new idea for thepower supply and sensing system of bird repelling.

关 键 词：摩擦纳米发电机 双层摩擦结构 多源能量采集 双通道功率管理 供电传感系统 

分 类 号：TM919[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]