深海水平阵对空中声源的近场定位研究  

Near-field localization of airborne sources using deep-sea horizontal array

作　　者：毛俊杰 张波 彭朝晖[1] 张燕君 钱鹏 林霖 MAO Junjie;ZHANG Bo;PENG Zhaohui;ZHANG Yanjun;QIAN Peng;LIN Lin(State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;School of Ocean Engineering and Technology,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中山大学海洋工程与技术学院,珠海519082

出　　处：《声学学报》2025年第1期1-11,共11页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11974017);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2017028);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0501200)资助。

摘　　要：为实现水下对空中声源的探测定位,提出了一种利用深海不同路径声线进行近场聚焦波束形成的定位方法,实现了海底水平阵对近场菲涅尔区空中声源的定位。分析表明,直接利用不同路径声线进行聚集波束形成定位时,空间谱会产生伪峰。为此,应用了基于声线到达幅度加权的伪峰抑制方法。仿真及海试实验数据验证了该方法的有效性,能够准确定位飞行高度约5000 m、水平距离在13~17 km范围内的固定翼飞机目标,平均定位误差为0.9 km。与仅利用直接透射声线的传统方法相比,所提方法显著提升了远距离空中声源的定位性能。To achieve underwater detection and localization of airborne sound sources,a localization method using sound rays of different paths in the deep sea for focused beamforming is proposed,which realizes the localization of airborne sound sources in the Fresnel zone by seabed horizontal array.The analysis shows that the spatial spectrum produces pseudo-peaks when different path sound rays are directly utilized for focused beamforming localization.For this reason,a pseudo-peak suppression strategy based on sound ray arrival amplitude weighting is applied.Simulation and sea trial data verify the effectiveness of the method,which is able to locate fixed-wing aircraft targets flying at an altitude of about 5000 m and a horizontal distance in the range of 13–17 km,with an average positioning error of 0.9 km.Compared with the traditional method that only utilizes direct transmitted sound rays,the proposed method significantly improves the localization performance of long-range airborne sound sources.

关 键 词：水下对空探测 聚焦波束形成 海底水平阵 空中声源 

分 类 号：TB56[交通运输工程—水声工程]