稀疏线阵宽带波数域反卷积波束形成栅瓣抑制方法  

A broadband wavenumber domain deconvolution beamforming grating lobe suppression method for sparse linear arrays

作　　者：崔文婷 梅继丹 孙大军[2,3,4] 黄天凤 汪碧莹[2,3,4] CUI Wenting;MEI Jidan;SUN Dajun;HUANG Tianfeng;WANG Biying(Systems Engineering Research Institute,CSSC,Beijing 100094;National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司系统工程研究院,北京100094 [2]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [3]工业和信息化部海洋信息获取与安全工信部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学),哈尔滨150001 [4]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《声学学报》2025年第1期109-120,共12页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61801140)资助。

摘　　要：为解决稀疏线列阵的栅瓣与宽带Richardson-Lucy(R-L)反卷积处理生成点扩散函数(PSF)字典计算量大的问题,提出一种宽带波数域的R-L反卷积波束形成栅瓣抑制方法。该方法利用宽带波数域波束形成在波数域的恒束宽特点,使所有频点的反卷积计算共用一个PSF字典,减少反卷积计算的PSF存储空间和计算量;结合在波数域波束形成算法的栅瓣与主瓣之间存在周期平移关系,利用实际波束形成主瓣方位、宽度以及能量对栅瓣进行基于实际数据的宽带栅瓣预测和抑制,可以获得好的抑制效果。通过仿真和海试数据验证了所提方法的性能,结果表明该方法相较于常规宽带反卷积处理可以减少计算量,栅瓣抑制效果大于6 dB,拓展了相同阵元数情况下阵列对宽带目标的探测分辨性能。Aiming to solve the problem of large calculation amount of generating point spread function(PSF)dictionary by grating lobes and broadband Richardson-Lucy(R-L)deconvolution of sparse line arrays,a broadband wavenumber domain R-L deconvolution method for sidelobe suppression in beamforming is proposed.The method takes advantages of the characteristics of the broadband beamforming technology in the frequency-wavenumber domain with constant beam width,which allows all frequency points to share one PSF dictionary for deconvolution computation to reduce the storage space and computational complexity of the PSF for deconvolution.Combined with the periodic shift relationship between sidelobes and the main lobe in the frequency-wavenumber domain beamforming algorithm,good suppression performance can be achieved by utilizing practical beamforming main lobe azimuth,width and energy to predict and suppress aliasing artifacts based on actual data.The performance of the proposed method was verified through simulation and experimental data.Compared with conventional broadband deconvolution processing,the results show that the method can reduce the amount of calculation and the grating lobe suppression effect is greater than 6 dB,expanding the detection and resolution performance of the array for broadband targets under the same number of array elements.

关 键 词：栅瓣抑制 波数域 反卷积波束形成 方位估计 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]