穴盘规格及添加剂组合对西瓜植株及根际土壤养分和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of Combination of Plug and Additive on Nutrient and Microbial Community of Watermelon Plant and Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：马蓉[1] 任元龙 利继东 王晓卓 张雪艳[1] MA Rong;REN Yuan-long;LI Ji-dong(College of Enolohy and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Zhongwei New Sunshine Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中卫市新阳光农业有限公司,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第1期26-34,共9页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“压砂地退砂后土壤微生态修复与西瓜高效栽培关键技术研究与示范”(2022BBF02024)。

摘　　要：探究不同规格穴盘育苗并添加保水剂和微生物组合对西瓜植株矿质养分积累和土壤特性的影响,为培育西瓜优质壮苗提供理论依据。利用3因素3水平设计正交试验,穴盘规格分别为21、32、66孔,保水剂类型分别为空白、颗粒型、粉末型保水剂,添加剂分别为解淀粉芽孢杆菌+壳寡糖+香菇多糖、鱼蛋白+氨基寡糖素、空白。通过分析果实成熟期西瓜植株养分、植株根际土壤养分及微生物群落,探究不同基质添加保水剂和微生物组合对西瓜植株及生长环境的影响。结果表明,21孔穴盘育苗显著提高了植株及根际土壤的S、Mg、Fe元素含量;颗粒型保水剂显著提高了植株及根际土壤的P、K、Ca、Fe元素含量;解淀粉芽孢杆菌+壳寡糖+香菇多糖组合显著提高了植株根际土壤的种群数量和物种丰富度,改善了植株根际土壤环境。To investigate the effects of different sizes of plug seedling,water-retaining agent and microbial combination on mineral nutrient accumulation and soil properties of watermelon plants,and to provide theoretical basis for cultivating strong and good quality watermelon seedlings.Three factors and three levels were used to design the orthogonal test,the hole tray sizes were 21,32,66,the types of water-retaining agents were blank,granule,powder water-retaining agent,the additives were Bacillus amylolique faciens and chitooligosaccharide and lentinan,fish protein and aminooligosac charide,blank.The effects of different substrates added with water-retaining agent and microbial combination on watermelon plant and growth environment were studied by analyzing plant nutrients,rhizosphere soil nutrients and microbial community during fruit ripening.The results were as follows:the contents of S,Mg and Fe in plant and rhizosphere soil were significantly increased by 21-hole plug seedling;the contents of P,K,Ca and Fe in plant and rhizosphere soil were increased significantly by using granular water retaining agent;the combination of Bacillus amylolique faciens and chitooligosaccharide and lentinan significantly increased the population and species richness of rhizosphere soil,and improved the rhizosphere soil environment.

关 键 词：穴盘 芽孢杆菌 养分 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]