南北疆典型绿洲水化学特征差异与时空变化规律分析——以策勒和阜康为例  

Water Chemical Characteristics and Spatio-temporal Variation of Typical Oases in Southern and Northern Xinjiang—Take Cele and Fukang for Example

作　　者：马玉 刘小龙[2,3] 张鹏伟 摆翔 彭磊 MA Yu;LIU Xiao-long;ZHANG Peng-wei(Urumqi Comprehensive Survey Center on Natural Resources,CGS,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046;Wuhan Center of Geological Survey,CGS,Wuhan,Hubei 430205;Research Center of Granitic Diagenesis and Mineralization,CGS,Wuhan,Hubei 430205)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局乌鲁木齐自然资源综合调查中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心,湖北武汉430205 [3]中国地质调查局花岗岩成岩成矿地质研究中心,湖北武汉430205 [4]新疆大学生态与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第1期63-69,101,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20220962)。

摘　　要：利用水化学指标、离子含量特征、Piper图、Gibbs图、主要离子比例关系和USSL图法,以中国西北干旱区新疆南(策勒)北(阜康)2个绿洲为例,对2005—2019年天然水体的水化学特征进行分析。结果表明:2005—2019年阜康地下水离子浓度与溶解性固体总量(TDS)波动较大,总体呈下降趋势,地表水离子含量变化并不明显;2个绿洲区的TDS与其他各离子含量之间均存在较好的相关性,天然水体的矿化度主要由Na^(+)与SO_(4)^(2-)控制。策勒水化学类型为Na^(+)-Cl^(-)型和混合型,阜康水化学类型为Ca^(2+)-HCO_(3)^(-)、Na_(+)-Cl^(-)型和混合型;阜康的流动地表水主要受碳酸盐岩风化的影响,静止地表水受硅酸盐岩的风化作用的影响,硅酸盐岩和蒸发盐岩的风化是地下水组分的主要控制因素;策勒的地表水和地下水化学组分均受硅酸盐岩与碳酸盐岩风化的影响。The hydrochemical characteristics of natural water bodies from 2005 to 2019 were analyzed by using water chemical indexes,ion content characteristics,Piper chart,Gibbs chart,major ion proportion relationship and USSL chart,taking two oases in the south(Cele)north(Fukang)of Xinjiang in the arid region of northwest China as examples.The results showed that from 2005 to 2019,the groundwater ion concentration and total dissolved solids(TDS)fluctuated greatly,and a decreasing trend in solids,while surface water ion content did not change significantly.There was a good correlation between TDS and the content of ions in the two oases.The salinity of natural water was mainly controlled by Na^(+)and SO_(4)^(2-).The hydrochemical types of Cele were Na^(+)-Cl^(-)type and mixed type,while those of Fukang were Ca^(2+)-HCO _(3)-,Na^(+)-Cl^(-)type and mixed type.The flowing surface water in Fukang was mainly affected by the weathering of carbonate rocks,and the weathering of silicate rocks had a great influence on the static surface water.The weathering of silicate rocks and evaporative rocks was the main control factor for the composition of groundwater.The chemical composition of surface water and groundwater in Cele was mainly affected by the weathering of silicate rocks and carbonate rocks.

关 键 词：水化学 时空变化规律 Piper图 水-岩相互作用 离子比 干旱区绿洲 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]