北部湾沿海不同地理群体施氏獭蛤形态差异分析  

Morphological Variation Analysis of Different Geographical Populations of Lutraria sieboldii in the Coastal Area of Beibu Gulf

作　　者：廖韬梁 王芷禧 栗志民[1] LIAO Tao-liang;WANG Zhi-xi;LI Zhi-min(College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第1期107-112,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专题(2018YFD0901400);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA19254032-3)。

摘　　要：随机选取北海、东兴、防城港和草潭4个地理群体施氏獭蛤(Lutraria sieboldii)样本,测量壳长(LS)、壳宽(WS)、壳高(HS)、前缘长(LE)、后缘长(LT)、壳厚(TS)、总重(WT)、软体重(WM)、壳重(WSW)。测量数据校正后,采用形态指标变异分析、单因素方差分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析5种多元统计分析方法对4个群体的形态差异进行分析。结果表明:草潭群体的贝壳壳型相对较圆,而防城港群体壳型相对较扁,4个群体的壳长均偏向一侧生长且偏后侧的程度较大,4个群体间的分化程度尚未达到亚种差异水平。方差分析和多重比较结果揭示,4个群体之间形态差异显著。经过主成分分析可知,主成分1的贡献率为47.861%,主成分2的贡献率为17.252%,主成分3的贡献率为14.090%,累计贡献率为79.203%。根据主成分得分构建主成分散点图,发现北海群体、草潭群体和东兴群体之间具有高度相似性,而防城港群体与其他3个群体的差异较大。聚类分析结果表明,北海、草潭和东兴3个群体汇聚成一个分支,防城港群体独立成为一个分支。判别分析结果显示,判别准确率P 1为87.18%~100%,P 2为84.85%~100%,4个群体的综合判别率(P)为94.57%。4个群体间的形态差异真实存在,北海群体、东兴群体和草潭群体3个群体之间差异较小,防城港群体则与其他3个群体间差异较大,4个群体之间形态上出现的差异可能与群体间的基因交流、所栖息的生态环境以及人为的一些养殖开发活动有关。分析北部湾沿海4个不同地理群体施氏獭蛤的形态差异,可为其种质资源的保护以及优良品种选育提供参考资料。Four geographical groups,namely Beihai,Dongxing,Fangchenggang,and Caotan,were randomly selected to measure the shell length(LS),shell width(WS),shell height(HS),leading edge length(LE),trailing edge length(LT),shell thickness(TS),total weight(WT),soft body weight(WM),and shell weight(WSW).After the measurement data was corrected,five kinds of multivariate statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the morphological differences among the four populations,including the variation analysis of the morphological indices,one-way variance analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and discriminant analysis.The results showed that the shell type of Caotan population was relatively round,while the shell type of Fangchenggang population was relatively flat.The shell length of all the four populations tended to grow on one side and had a greater degree of posterior growth.The differentiation degree of all the four populations had not yet reached the level of subspecies difference.ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis revealed significant morphological differences among the four populations.The results of the principal component analysis showed that the contribution rate of principal component 1 was 47.861%,the contribution rate of principal component 2 was 17.252%,the contribution rate of principal component 3 was 14.090%,and the cumulative contribution rate was 79.203%.Based on the principal component scores,a scatter plot of principal components was constructed,which revealed a high degree of similarity among the Beihai population,Caotan population,and Dongxing population,while Fangchenggang population had a significant degree of difference from the other three groups.The cluster analysis results showed that the three populations of Beihai,Caotan,and Dongxing converged to form a branch,while Fangchenggang population formed an independent branch.The discriminant analysis results showed that the discrimination accuracy P 1 was 87.18%-100%,P 2 was 84.85%-100%,and the comprehensive discrimination rate(P)of

关 键 词：施氏獭蛤 形态差异 主成分分析 判别分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]