云南省2011—2021年用水结构变化及区域特征研究  

Study on the Change and Regional Characteristics of Water Use Structure in Yunnan Province During 2011-2021

作　　者：邹凯波 杨智 鲁菁 刘伟 ZOU Kai-bo;YANG Zhi;LU Jing(Yunnan Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650021;Yunnan Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Survey Design and Research Institute,Kunming,Yunnan 650021;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang,Henan 473000)

机构地区：[1]云南省水利水电勘测设计院有限公司,云南昆明650021 [2]云南省水利水电勘测设计研究院,云南昆明650021 [3]南阳师范学院土木建筑工程学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第1期189-193,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3000205-06);河南省南阳市科技攻关计划项目(KJGG016)。

摘　　要：以云南省2011—2021年用水结构数据为基础,采用区域差异模型对全省用水结构及空间差异变化特征进行研究。结果表明:全省用水结构中仍以农业用水为主,生活用水次之,两者占用水总量的比例分别在69%和17%以上,且“十三五”时期净增减量较“十二五”时期更为明显。从用水结构的空间变化来看,位于滇中地区的昆明和曲靖工业与生活用水量最大,而位于滇西北地区的怒江和迪庆由于受到地理条件限制,各类用水量最少,九大高原湖泊涉湖州(市)生态用水量最大。从用水结构空间差异特征分析来看,生态用水的空间变化差异最大;用水总量、农业用水与工业用水的空间变化差异次之。建议加大用水结构调整力度,即实施高标准农田建设、推进设施农业、探索区域非常规水资源利用研究等促进农业节水工作;多措并举鼓励城镇再生水回用于工业、市政杂用、景观绿化等;严格控制生活用水,全面推进节水型社会建设,形成人水和谐及社会经济可持续发展的格局。Based on the data of water use structure in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2021,regional difference model was used to study the change characteristics of water use structure and spatial difference in Yunnan Province.The results show that:agricultural water is still the main water consumption structure in the province,followed by domestic water,and the proportion of the two water consumption is 69%and 17%respectively.The net increase and decrease in the 13th Five-Year Plan period is more obvious than that in the 12th Five-Year Plan period.From the perspective of spatial change of water use structure,Kunming and Qujing in central Yunnan Province have the largest industrial and domestic water consumption,while Nujiang and Diqing in northwest Yunnan Province have the least water consumption due to geographical constraints.The ecological water consumption of nine plateau lakes is the largest in Huzhou(city).From the analysis of spatial difference characteristics of water use structure,the spatial change difference of ecological water use is the largest;the spatial differences of total water use,agricultural water use and industrial water use were the second.It is suggested to strengthen the adjustment of water use structure,implement high-standard farmland construction,promote facility agriculture,and explore regional unconventional water resources utilization research to promote agricultural water-saving work;take multiple measures to encourage urban reclaimed water to be used in industry,municipal utility,landscape greening,etc.Strictly control domestic water use,comprehensively promote the construction of a water-saving society,and promote the pattern of human-water harmony and sustainable social and economic development.

关 键 词：用水结构 区域特征 云南省 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]