集束化护理对吞咽功能障碍老年患者的干预效果研究  

Effect of cluster nursing for elderly patients with swallowing dysfunction

作　　者：屈丽颖 张炜[1] 胡洁琼 屈小伶 刘岩[1] QU Liying;ZHANG Wei;HU Jieqiong;QU Xiaoling;LIU Yan(Department of Medical Insurance,Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing,100050)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院医保内科,北京100050

出　　处：《实用临床医药杂志》2024年第23期136-139,共4页Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice

基　　金：北京市保健课题项目(京19-9号Q19029-1)。

摘　　要：目的探讨集束化护理对吞咽功能障碍老年患者的干预效果。方法选取2022年8月—2023年12月本院老年医学科收治的105例洼田饮水试验(WST)≥3级、Fried衰弱表型量表(FP)评分≥33分的老年患者为研究对象,将其随机分为研究组55例和对照组50例。对照组进行常规吞咽障碍护理,研究组接受集束化护理。比较干预1个月后2组衰弱状况、吞咽障碍和生活质量状况。结果因病情变化,对照组脱落2例,研究组脱落3例,最终研究组52例,对照组48例。2组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预前,2组WST不同分级患者占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预1个月后,2组WST分级为3、4、5级的患者占比与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预1个月后,2组WST不同分级患者占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,研究组吞咽障碍特异性生活质量量表(SWAL-QOL)评分为(108.47±19.99)分,对照组为(109.17±20.34)分。2组干预前SWAL-QOL评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预1个月后,研究组SWAL-QOL评分为(143.07±16.55)分,对照组为(133.52±21.06)分;2组SWAL-QOL评分均较干预前提高,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对合并衰弱的老年吞咽障碍患者实施集束化护理,可有效改善衰弱状况、吞咽功能及生活质量。Objective To explore the effect of cluster nursing intervention in elderly patients with swallowing dysfunction.Methods A total of 105 elderly patients with a Water Swallowing Test(WST)score of≥3 and a Fried Frailty Phenotype(FP)score of≥33 admitted to the department of geriatrics in our hospital from August 2022 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into study group(n=55)and control group(n=50).The control group received routine nursing care for swallowing dysfunction,while the study group received cluster nursing care.The frailty status,swallowing disorders,and quality of life were compared between the two groups after 1 month of intervention.Results Due to changes in the condition,2 cases dropped out from the control group and 3 cases from the study group,leaving 52 cases in the study group and 48 cases in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in general information between the two groups(P>0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with different WST grades between the two groups(P>0.05).After 1 month of intervention,there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with WST grades 3,4,and 5 compared to before the intervention(P<0.05).After 1 month of intervention,there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with different WST grades between the two groups(P<0.05).Before the intervention,the Swallowing-Quality of Life(SWAL-QOL)score of the study group was(108.47±19.99)points,and was(109.17±20.34)points in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in SWAL-QOL scores between the two groups before the intervention(P>0.05).After 1 month of intervention,the SWAL-QOL score of the study group was(143.07±16.55)points,and was(133.52±21.06)points in the control group.The SWAL-QOL scores of both groups improved compared to before the intervention,and the study group had a higher score than the c

关 键 词：集束化护理 衰弱 吞咽障碍 生活质量 洼田饮水试验 Fried衰弱表型量表 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学] R153.3[医药卫生—内科学] R47[医药卫生—临床医学]