单位线法在推求洪水中的应用  

Deriving Floods Using Multiple Unit Hydrograph Methods

作　　者：王志飞 吉喜林 张家铨 高明 WANG Zhifei;JI Xilin;ZHANG Jiaquan;GAO Ming(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Wuhan Newfiber Optics Electron Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010 [2]武汉新烽光电股份有限公司,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2024年第6期30-37,共8页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2340211)。

摘　　要：应用克拉克单位线法、纳希瞬时单位线法、地貎瞬时单位线法、SCS无因次单位线法、斯奈德合成单位线法等5种单位线法对《湖南省暴雨洪水查算手册(修编版)》和《江西省暴雨洪水查算手册》的案例进行探讨,分析各种单位线法的适用情境。结果显示,克拉克单位线法、纳希瞬时单位线法、地貎瞬时单位线法结果相近,2本手册的案例均采用纳希瞬时单位线法,手册结果具有合理适中的特性。SCS无因次单位线法峰值结果较大,适用于更极端恶劣情境。斯奈德合成单位线法峰值具有较平缓、延时长的特点,适用于较缓合的情境。This study applies 5 unit hydrograph methods to analyze the“Hunan Province Heavy Rain and Flood Calculation Manual(Revised Edition)”and“Handbook on Stormwater Flood Calculation in Jiangxi Province”,and evaluate the applicable situations of these methods.The methods include Clark’s unit hydrograph,Nash’s instantaneous unit hydrograph,Geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph,SCS dimensionless unit hydrograph,and Snyder’s synthetic unit hydrograph.The results show that the Clark’s unit hydrograph,Nash’s instantaneous unit hydrograph,and Geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph yield similar results.Specifically,the analyzed two manuals use the Nash’s instantaneous unit hydrograph,which offers reasonable and moderate results.The SCS dimensionless unit hydrograph has a larger peak value and is suitable for extreme and harsh situations.The Snyder’s synthetic unit hydrograph has a relatively flat peak and a long duration,and therefore is suitable for moderate situations.

关 键 词：克拉克单位线法 纳希瞬时单位线法 地貎瞬时单位线法 SCS无因次单位线法 斯奈德合成单位线法 

分 类 号：TV698.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]