生物质及其混合物的组成性能与爆炸可行性分析  

Composition Performance and Explosion Feasibility Analysis of Biomass and Its Mixtures

作　　者：杨光[1] 徐颖[1] 杨荣周 何泽 余昌飞 YANG Guang;XU Ying;YANG Rong-zhou;HE Ze;YU Chang-fei(State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control of Deep Coal Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;Institute of Explosive Shock and Protection,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230000,China;School of Safety Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]中国科学技术大学爆炸冲击与防护研究所,安徽合肥230000 [3]安徽理工大学安全科学与工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2024年第12期1114-1123,I0003,共11页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：安徽省高等学校自然科学研究重点项目(No.2023AH051167)。

摘　　要：为了研究生物质燃料的爆炸性,采用TG-DTG热重分析法,分析了几种常见生物质燃料(秸秆、木屑、花生壳)及其混合物的燃烧性能以及动力学参数;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对几种生物质燃料的微观形貌进行了观察和分析;利用元素分析仪对该木粉+花生壳粉混合燃料进行了元素分析,基于元素组成计算了其氧化反应所需氧元素的量,然后开展了爆炸试验。结果表明,木粉+花生壳粉(质量比1∶1)混合燃料的稳燃特性指数、可燃性指数和综合燃烧特性指数均较高,燃烧性能较好,且活化能适中,表面呈现多孔状且粗糙度较高,自由面较多,比表面积大,更易于燃烧。在直径40 mm、长200 mm、壁厚1.5 mm的钢管内,装40 g该混合燃料,充5 MPa氧气,能够被一发8号电子雷管成功起爆,基本不产生有毒气体,钢管被炸成不同尺寸的碎片,大部分碎片尺寸在50 mm以内。说明生物质燃料在一定的条件下具有爆炸性。To study the explosiveness of biomass fuels,TG-DTG thermogravimetric analysis was used to analyze the combustion performance and kinetic parameters of several common biomass fuels(straw,sawdust,peanut shells)and their mixtures.The microstructures of these fuels were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Additionally,an elemental analysis of the wood powder and peanut shell powder mixture was carried out using an elemental analyzer.Based on the elemental composition,the amount of oxygen required for its oxidation reaction was calculated,and an explosion test was subsequently conducted.The results showed that the mixed fuel(wood powder and peanut shell powder in a 1∶1 mass ratio)exhibited high stable combustion characteristics,flammability index,and overall combustion performance.The activation energy was moderate,and the surface appeared porous and rough,with more free surfaces and a larger specific surface area,which facilitated combustion.In an experiment,40g of this mixed fuel was loaded into a steel pipe with a diameter of 40 mm,a length of 200 mm,and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm,and filled with 5 MPa oxygen.The mixture was successfully detonated by a No.8 electronic detonator without producing toxic gases.The steel pipe was blasted into fragments of different sizes,with most fragments measuring less than 50 mm.The research results indicate that biomass fuel can exhibit explosiveness under certain conditions.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 生物质燃料 爆破 木粉 花生壳粉 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O38[理学—流体力学]