铅冶炼铜浮渣底吹炉低温氧化处理工艺生产实践  

Production Practice of Bottom-blown Furnace Low Temperature Oxidation Treatment Process for Copper Scum in Lead Smelting

作　　者：曹军超 CAO Junchao(Henan Yuguang Gold Lead Co.,Ltd.,Jiyuan 459000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南豫光金铅股份有限公司,河南济源459000

出　　处：《绿色矿冶》2024年第6期53-57,66,共6页Sustainable Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：国内某大型冶炼企业采用底吹炉还原工艺处理铜浮渣,存在砷脱除率低、锡回收率低、砷冰铜产率大、冶炼所产黑铜含砷高、中间返料处理量大等问题。本文提出了底吹炉低温氧化工艺,将铜浮渣直接加入底吹炉中进行熔炼,不再配入任何辅料造渣,即不再人为地制造高熔点Fe O-SiO_(2)-CaO渣型,而是选择熔点相对较低的PbO渣型,炉温降低至750℃。采用低温氧化工艺后,底吹炉内冶炼气氛由传统的还原性气氛改为弱氧化气氛,最终杜绝了砷冰铜的产生,同时锡的回收率由18.13%提升至93.23%,冶炼渣型由原来的高熔点Fe O-SiO_(2)-CaO渣型转换为低熔点PbO渣型,冶炼温度由1100℃降至750℃左右,冶炼能耗大幅下降,铜浮渣冶炼加工成本下降60%以上,现场劳动强度大大降低,生产流程更为顺畅。A large domestic smelting enterprise adopts bottom-blown furnace reduction process to treat copper scum,which has problems such as low arsenic removal rate,low tin recovery rate,high yield of arsenic matte,high arsenic content of black copper produced by smelting,and large amount of intermediate return material treatment.In this paper,the low temperature oxidation process of bottom-blown furnace was proposed.The copper scum was directly added to the bottom-blown furnace for smelting.No longer adding any auxiliary materials to make slag,that is,no longer artificially manufacturing high melting point Fe O-SiO_(2)-CaO slag type,but choosing PbO slag type with relatively low melting point,and the furnace temperature was reduced to 750℃.Using low temperature oxidation process,the smelting atmosphere in the bottom-blown furnace was changed from the traditional reducing atmosphere to the weak oxidizing atmosphere,and the production of arsenic matte was finally eliminated.At the same time,the recovery rate of tin was increased from 18.13%to 93.23%,the smelting slag type was changed from the original high melting point Fe O-SiO_(2)-CaO slag type to the low melting point PbO slag type,the smelting temperature was reduced from 1100℃to about 750℃,the smelting energy consumption was greatly reduced,the processing cost of copper scum smelting was reduced by more than 60%,the labor intensity was greatly reduced,and the production process was more smooth.

关 键 词：铜浮渣 砷冰铜 低温氧化 粗铅 锡 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]