铁尾矿制备新型材料研究进展  

Research Progress on the Preparation of High−Value Products with Iron Ore Tailings

作　　者：傅平丰[1,2] 邓威 俞泽恩 张思奇 倪文[1,2] FU Pingfeng;DENG Wei;YU Zeen;ZHANG Siqi;NI Wen(School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2024年第6期33-43,F0002,共12页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22373809D)。

摘　　要：随着我国绿色发展的实施推进,铁尾矿的资源化利用显得愈加重要。目前铁尾矿多用作建筑用砂、矿物掺合料等低附加值建筑材料,其利用潜力尚未充分开发,制备高附加值新型材料是今后铁尾矿利用研究的重点。综述了铁尾矿制备高附加值新型材料的研究进展,包括制备微晶玻璃、泡沫陶瓷、复相陶瓷、陶瓷玻化砖、保温隔热材料和电磁吸波建筑材料等新型建筑材料,絮凝剂、无机复合颜料、白炭黑等铁质化工产品,以及硅质介孔材料、高品质石英砂和农田土壤改良剂等。通过分析铁尾矿的矿物组成和物理化学性质,讨论了铁尾矿制备高附加值新型材料所面临的问题。为推动铁尾矿的资源化利用,建议根据铁尾矿的类型探索其合适的利用途径,并将大宗利用与高值化利用结合,在提高铁尾矿综合利用率的同时,不断提高产品的附加值,实现铁尾矿资源化的经济和环境等多重效益。With the implementation of China’s green development strategy,the resource utilization of iron ore tailings has become increasingly important.Nowadays,iron ore tailings are widely used to prepare construction materials such as building sand and mineral admixtures.Their resource potential is not fully developed,and the preparation of high−value products would become future research hotspots.This work reviews the research progress on the preparation of high−value novel materials from iron ore tailings,including novel construction materials such as glass−ceramics,foamed ceramics,composite ceramics,black vitrified bricks,thermal insulation composites,and microwave absorbing glass−ceramic tile,siliceous mesoporous materials,high purity quartz sand and agricultural soil amendment.Based on the mineral composition and characteristics of iron ore tailings,the challenges faced in the production of high−value novel materials are discussed.To promote the efficient utilization of iron ore tailings,it is recommended that suitable utilization modes should be explored based on the types of iron ore tailings.Large−scale utilization and high−value utilization should be considered simultaneously in the tailings resource process,to achieve both the high utilization rate of iron ore tailings and added−value of products.Thus,dual economic and environmental benefits can be obtained in resource utilization of iron ore tailings.

关 键 词：铁尾矿 资源化 新型材料 高值化利用 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿]