磷石膏浮选提纯及制备β半水石膏  

Flotation Purification of Phosphogypsum and Preparation ofβ−hemihydrate Gypsum

作　　者：董雄波 叶光利 牛梦圆 张诚 张峻 杨华明 DONG Xiongbo;YE Guangli;NIU Mengyuan;ZHANG Cheng;ZHANG Jun;YANG Huaming(Engineering Research Center of Nano−Geomaterials of Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;School of Materials and Chemistry,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,hunan,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application,Central South University,Changsha 410083,hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)纳米矿物材料及应用教育部工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)材料与化学学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [4]中南大学矿物材料及其应用湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2024年第6期122-128,共7页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：湖北省科技重大专项(2022ACA004−7);中国科协青年人才托举工程(2024QNRC001)。

摘　　要：磷石膏大量堆存对环境有着重大威胁,杂质含量高、白度低等特点严重制约其高值化应用。以湖北省某企业磷石膏作为研究对象,结合磷石膏工艺矿物学研究,采用分级浮选进行其高效提纯,结果表明:盐酸、水玻璃、捕收剂ZX−4−4、起泡剂Q1作为浮选药剂时,经过一次粗选、两次精选和中矿顺序返回的闭路工艺流程,磷石膏中CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O含量由89.65%提升至98.15%,品位远高于磷石膏国标GB/T 23456—2018一级品要求,白度由37.10%提升至52.44%,总回收率最高达83.47%;其中,磷石膏中二氧化硅含量由6.16%降低至0.58%,铁含量最低降低至0.0062%,直接焙烧所制备的β半水石膏白度超过80%。采用浮选的方法可显著提高磷石膏品质及其制品的性能。The large−scale stockpiling of phosphogypsum poses a significant environmental challenge,mainly due to its high impurity content and low whiteness,which critically limit its potential for high−value applications.This study investigated phosphogypsum from a plant in Hubei Province,integrating process mineralogy with graded flotation for efficient purification.The results showed that the use of hydrochloric acid,water glass,collector ZX−4−4 and frother Q1 in a closed circuit flotation process-consisting of one rougher flotation,two cleaner flotations and a sequential middle return−significantly improved the quality of the material.Specifically,the CaSO_(4)−2H_(2)O content of the phosphogypsum was increased from 89.65%to 98.15%,while the whiteness improved from 37.10%to 52.44%.The overall recovery rate reached 83.47%with a significant reduction in impurities:silica content decreased from 6.16%to 0.58%and iron content was minimized to 0.0062%.The whiteness of theβ−hemihydrate gypsum produced by direct calcination of the purified phosphogypsum exceeded 80%,significantly exceeding the first grade specifications of the national standard GB/T 23456−2018 for phosphogypsum.Thus,the flotation process significantly improved both the quality of the phosphogypsum and the performance of the derived products.

关 键 词：磷石膏 工艺矿物学 浮选 除杂增白 β半水石膏 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿] TQ177.3[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]