秦漢簡涉魚名物字詞考釋二則  

Two Notes of Interpretation of Words Related to Fish on the Qin and Han Bamboo Slips

作　　者：孫濤 Sun Tao

机构地区：[1]中國石油大學(華東)文法學院,山東266580

出　　处：《出土文献综合研究集刊》2024年第2期146-158,共13页

基　　金：山東省社會科學規劃人文社會科學基礎理論專項(23DRW19);山東省高等學校青年創新團隊發展計劃(2023RW018)資助。

摘　　要：里耶秦簡8-769“山今盧魚”讀爲“山陰鱸魚”,指會稽郡山陰縣的鱸魚。在古漢語中往往在名物之前加地名,以强調其來源,達到類似今天“品牌”的效果。山陰縣地處浙江(今錢塘江)入海處,此江、海交匯處是鱸魚的主要活動區域之一,因此“鱸魚”前加該地名。張家山247號漢墓遣册29簡“便煎”讀爲“鯾煎”,同“煎鯾”,指煎鯿魚。“鯾”又作“鯿”,楚地文獻和出土實物皆多見此魚。在古漢語中跟烹飪相關的雙音節名物詞語的字序多可對换,而且其表達的意義相同,如“腊”“鮓”“炙”“脯”等構成的詞語,“煎”同屬此類。On Slips 8-769 of the Liye Qin bamboo slips,Shanjin luyu(山今盧魚)was read as Shanyin luyu(山陰鱸魚),which refers to the bass produced in Shanyin County,Kuaiji Commandery.In ancient Chinese,toponym was often added before the name of a thing to emphasize its origin,achieving the brand effect similar to today's.Shanyin County is located at the estuary of Zhejiang River(today's Qiantang River).The confluence of the river and the sea is one of the main activity areas of bass,so the toponym was added before bass.On Slip 29 of the tomb inventory in the Han Tomb 247 at Zhangjiashan,bianjian(便煎)was read as bianjian(鯾煎)referring to fried bream.The character bian(鯾)was also written as bian(鯿),which often appears in documents and unearthed relics from the state of Chu.In ancient Chinese,the grapheme order of a dissyllabic noun concerning cuisine is mostly interchangeable,and their senses are the same,such as the compounds comprising xi(腊),zha(鲊),zhi(炙),fu(脯)and so on.Jian(煎)is also the same case.

关 键 词：里耶秦簡 張家山漢墓遣册 山今盧魚 便煎 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]