健康社区视角下的老旧社区公共设施布局评估——以武汉市望丰社区为例  

Evaluation of the layout of old community public facilities from the perspective of healthy community:Taking Wangfeng Community in Wuhan as an example

作　　者：徐虹[1] 李天悦 王伊 XU Hong;LI Tianyue;WANG Yi

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学城市建设学院 [2]北京工业大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第6期68-74,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：湖北省建设科技计划项目(20222198-123)。

摘　　要：在健康社区的视角下,公平的健康设施配置对于保障居民健康公平具有重要意义。伴随着城市高速发展,老旧社区的设施规划与居民新时代需求产生了冲突,因此所面临的问题较为突出。本研究旨在探索健康社区视角下的老旧社区公共设施布局评价体系,并探讨设施布局提升路径。以武汉望丰社区为实证范围,通过API接口采集当地公共设施POI、设施规模和人口数据,构建地图要素矢量数据集,以ArcGIS为工具运用改进后的两步移动搜索法从设施可达性和服务供给两个方面评估老旧小区不同类型公共服务设施布局情况,结果显示该区域存在设施可达性不佳和供给失衡的问题。接着基于评价结果提出“功能差异归类—潜在空间挖掘—适用性嵌入”的优化路径,并对重新规划后的设施开展二次评价,结果显示,优化策略对该社区的公共设施可达性和服务供给提升作用显著。From the perspective of a healthy community,equitable distribution of health facilities is crucial for ensuring fairness in residents’health outcomes.The rapid urban development and conflicting needs between outdated community infrastructure and the demands of contemporary residents highlight pressing issues.Current academic discourse and regulatory standards primarily focus on macro-level controls and guidance,leaving significant exploration space on how to effectively apply concepts like healthy cities or healthy communities in practical assessments.Additionally,there is a lack of comprehensive measures at the community scale to finely assess the layout of facilities in older neighborhoods.In the context of healthy communities,there remains no established consensus on the guiding principles and methods to optimize the layout of health facilities,especially in older residential areas facing greater challenges compared to newly planned ones.Reasonable facility planning is one of the essential components in constructing a healthy community,and discussions on health facilities cannot be divorced from this planning.This paper first identifies which types of facilities fall within the scope of discussion.Health inequality is defined as systematic differences in health status among different social groups,emphasizing the connection between facility equity and resident health.The construction of a healthy community is inseparable from a healthy medical service system,and medical and health facilities are important parts of urban public service facilities.In the context of aging,good community service facilities for the elderly are necessary to support the urban pension system and build a healthy pension model.Community environmental sanitation service facilities are an important foundation to ensure comfort and convenience and are conducive to creating a clean and hygienic community environment.In addition to community medical facilities,health facilities,and social welfare facilities that ensure resident health,heal

关 键 词：住区规划 健康社区 老旧社区 POI ARCGIS 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]