建成环境对不同时段轨道交通站点客流的影响机制分析  

Analysis of the influence mechanism of the built environment on the passenger flow of urban rail transit stations during different time periods

作　　者：庞磊 任利剑 姜宇逍 孙忠 运迎霞[1] PANG Lei;REN Lijian;JIANG Yuxiao;SUN Zhong;YUN Yingxia

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]南阳理工学院建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第6期83-90,共8页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52278070)。

摘　　要：轨道交通站点客流作为轨道交通网络化运营的基础,其时空需求和特征分布直接关系到城市综合交通规划、城市土地使用、空间结构和设施布局。既有研究对建成环境与轨道交通站点客流量之间关系的分析相对成熟,但对不同时段站点客流量影响因素的研究相对不足。基于多源地理空间数据构建“5D+N”维度的建成环境指标体系,采用OLS、GWR、SGWR模型解析建成环境对不同时段站点客流量的影响效果。针对天津的案例研究表明:不同时段站点客流量影响因素类型及其作用方向存在差异,站点开通时长、出入口数量、行政办公设施POI密度、公交站点密度等因素对多个时段客流量都有正向作用,而POI混合度与距公交站点平均距离则有负向作用;建成环境对站点客流量的影响呈现全局效应与局部效应的差异,其中密度维度的建成环境因素多为局部影响变量;局部影响变量对站点客流量的作用方向及强度表现出空间异质性特征。不同时段客流量影响因素类型与作用方向的差异性以及影响效应的空间异质性特征为客流效能的提升与TOD高质量开发提供了分时分区的差异化策略指引,也为站点周边建成环境的更新优化提供了引导。The passenger flow of urban rail transit stations reflects the agglomeration effect of passenger flow.As the foundation for operating an urban rail transit network,the spatial and temporal demand and characteristic distribution of station passenger flow are directly linked to comprehensive transportation planning,urban land use,spatial structure,and facility layout.In this context,exploring the impact mechanism of the built environment on the passenger flow of urban rail transit stations and accurately identifying key built environment factors that affect station passenger flow play a crucial guiding role in revitalizing the urban built environment organically and enhancing the efficiency of station passenger flows in urban rail transit systems.This has become one of the focal points in studying urban transportation planning and transportation geography.While existing studies on the relationship between the built environment and passenger flow of urban rail transit stations are relatively mature,there is a relative lack of research on factors influencing station passenger flow during different time periods.To address the lack of existing research,we developed a comprehensive“5D+N”index system for the built environment based on multi-source geospatial data(including land use data,mobile signaling data,POI data,building footprint data,road network data,bus station and line network data,urban rail transit station and line network data,etc.).The study then selected average daily passenger flow and peak inbound/outbound passenger flow during morning and evening periods as dependent variables for urban rail transit stations.Using multicollinearity testing and OLS stepwise regression,it identified significant independent variables that influence station passenger flow.Finally,by comparing the fitting effects of OLS,GWR,and SGWR models,it determined the superior model to analyze how the built environment impacts passenger flow during different time periods.The case study of Tianjin yields the following conclusions.1)

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 客流量 建成环境 半参数地理加权回归 空间异质性 

分 类 号：TU984.191[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]