论经济制裁对可仲裁性的挑战及其应对  

The Challenge of Economic Sanctions to Arbitrability and Its Responses

作　　者：叶珊珊 YE Shan-shan(Law School,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China)

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学法学院,广州510320

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2025年第1期80-94,共15页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

基　　金：上海市法学会涉外法治研究会2023年度重点研究课题“经济制裁对国际商事仲裁法律制度的挑战与应对研究”的资助。

摘　　要：经济制裁引发大量国际商事纠纷,并对此类纠纷的可仲裁性提出挑战。针对涉经济制裁纠纷的可仲裁性问题,主要存在两种观点。瑞士、加拿大、法国、美国等多数国家认为,经济制裁规范的适用不影响争议的可仲裁性。意大利等少数国家认为,经济制裁将导致当事人无法自由处分合同权利,进而致使此类争议不可仲裁。这一分歧产生的主要原因在于不同国家判断可仲裁性的标准不尽一致,且不同国家对涉及强制性规范的纠纷可否仲裁这一问题持不同立场。鉴于经济制裁规范属于强制性规范的范畴,该分歧延及涉经济制裁纠纷的可仲裁性问题。我国企业及自然人在选择仲裁协议准据法、仲裁地,以及承认与执行仲裁裁决地时应充分考虑相关国家判断可仲裁性的标准及其关于涉经济制裁纠纷可仲裁性的立场。我国法院和仲裁员应在明确仲裁协议准据法的基础上,对涉经济制裁纠纷的可仲裁性作出判断,且在准据法为中国法的情况下,宜采纳主流观点,不以争议涉及经济制裁为由否认可仲裁性。Economic sanctions have led to a large number of international commercial disputes,and have posed a challenge to the arbitrability of such disputes.Two main viewpoints exist regarding the arbitrability of disputes involving economic sanctions.Most countries,such as Switzerland,Canada,France,and the United States,hold the opinion that the application of economic sanctions norms does not aff ect the arbitrability of disputes.A few countries,such as Italy,consider that economic sanctions will cause parties to be unable to freely disposing of their contractual rights,thereby rendering such disputes non-arbitrable.The divergence mainly stems from the fact that diff erent countries adopt diff erent criteria for determining arbitrability and hold diff erent views on the arbitrability of disputes involving mandatory norms.Given that economic sanctions norms fall within the scope of mandatory norms,the divergence extends to the arbitrability of disputes involving economic sanctions.When choosing the applicable law of arbitration agreements,the seat of arbitration and the place of recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards,Chinese enterprises and natural persons should give full consideration to the criteria for determining arbitrability adopted by relevant countries and their positions on the arbitrability of disputes involving economic sanctions.Chinese courts and arbitrators should make a judgment on the arbitrability of disputes involving economic sanctions on the basis of clarifying the applicable law of arbitration agreements,and where the applicable law is the laws of China,it is appropriate to adopt the mainstream view and not to deny the arbitrability of disputes on the ground that they involve economic sanctions.

关 键 词：经济制裁 可仲裁性 强制性规范 国际商事仲裁 

分 类 号：D997.4[政治法律—国际法学] D996.1[政治法律—法学]