论中国反制裁法的域外效力  

The Extraterritorial Eff ect of China’s Anti-sanctions Law

作　　者：姜悠悠 JIANG You-you(School of Law and Political Science,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学法政学院,南京211816

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2025年第1期95-108,共14页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“《反外国制裁法》域外效力研究”(项目编号:23FXC00197)的资助。

摘　　要：为阻断其他国家单边制裁所造成的不当影响,中国出台了一系列反制裁法。单边制裁法的争议在于其域外效力,而反制裁法同样也面临域外效力合法性的问题。反制裁法的域外效力表现在立法管辖和法律适用两个阶段。反制裁法的立法管辖基础是属地原则、属人原则和保护原则,效果原则和普遍原则不宜作为反制裁法的立法依据。中国以属地、属人和保护原则为依据颁布的反制裁禁令,其域外效力符合国际法的合法性标准,外国法院应予以尊重。中国反制裁法在外国法院适用的理论基础是国际礼让原则,而非已经虚化的外国主权强制理论。中国司法实务中所涉及的外国单边制裁法,均为不具备国际法合法性的次级制裁,即使双方约定适用外国制裁法,基于公法禁忌理论,该约定是无效的。China has introduced an anti-sanctions law to block the undue infl uence of other countries’unilateral sanctions laws.The dispute of the unilateral sanctions law lies in its strong extraterritorial eff ectiveness.The anti-sanctions law and the unilateral sanctions law are also facing the legitimacy of international law.The extraterritorial eff ect of the anti-sanctions law is manifested in two stages:legislative jurisdiction and application.The legislative jurisdiction basis of the anti-sanctions law is the territorial principle,personality principle and protection principle.The principle of eff ect and universality should not be used as the legislative basis of the anti-sanctions law.China’s anti-sanctions ban based on the principles of territorial,personal and protection,whose extraterritorial eff ectiveness meets the standards of international law.When the extraterritorial eff ect of a country’s anti-sanctions law complies with international law,the foreign courts should give a certain degree of respect.The theoretical basis of China’s anti-sanctions law in foreign courts is the principle of international comity,rather than the fictitious foreign sovereignty coercion theory.The foreign unilateral sanctions laws involved in China’s judicial practice are all secondary sanctions that do not have the legitimacy of international law.Even if the parties agree to apply the foreign sanctions law,the agreement is invalid based on the taboo theory of public law.

关 键 词：反制裁法 涉外法治 域外效力 单边制裁 

分 类 号：D922.295[政治法律—经济法学]