巴基斯坦锂、铍地球化学分布特征与成矿远景区优选  

Geochemical distribution of Li/Be in Pakistan:Implications for Li/Be prospecting

作　　者：洪俊 Tahseenullah KHAN[3] 李文渊 Yasir Shaheen KHALIL 马中平[1,2] 张晶 王志华 张辉善[2] 张海迪[2] 刘畅[2] Asad Ali NAREJO HONG Jun;Tahseenullah KHAN;LI Wenyuan;Yasir Shaheen KHALIL;MA Zhongping;ZHANG Jing;WANG Zhihua;ZHANG Huishan;ZHANG Haidi;LIU Chang;Asad Ali NAREJO(MNR Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Center of Geological Survey,China Geological Survey,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Bahria University,Islamabad 44000,Pakistan;Geological Survey of Pakistan,Islamabad 44000,Pakistan)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054 [3]巴基斯坦巴利亚大学地球与环境科学学院,伊斯兰堡440004 [4]巴基斯坦地质调查局,伊斯兰堡44000

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第1期127-141,共15页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2244204,92262302,92055314,9226230);国家重点研发计划重点专项(2021YFC2901802)。

摘　　要：锂、铍金属是世界战略性关键金属资源,在新材料和信息技术等新兴产业具有不可替代的重大用途。巴基斯坦位于欧亚、印度和阿拉伯三大板块汇聚部位,拥有优越的锂、铍成矿条件,但由于地质工作程度偏低,目前锂、铍金属资源潜力不明。低密度地球化学调查是研究锂、铍元素空间分布和快速圈定成矿远景区的有效方法。本文利用巴基斯坦1∶1000000低密度地球化学调查成果,阐述了巴基斯坦锂、铍元素地球化学背景,结合已有锂、铍矿床成矿地质背景分析,圈定了锂、铍成矿远景区,为锂、铍稀有金属找矿勘查提供依据。巴基斯坦全境基岩出露区水系沉积物中锂含量为1.56~118.20μg/g,平均值为20.06μg/g。铍含量为0.07~7.16μg/g,平均值为1.22μg/g。根据92%累频共圈定18个锂地球化学异常和12个铍地球化学异常,并优选找矿远景区。其中,喀喇昆仑地块和喜马拉雅造山带作为伟晶岩型锂矿的找矿远景区,查盖火山岩浆弧东作为盐湖卤水型锂矿的找矿远景区,喀喇昆仑地块是寻找伟晶岩型锂、铍矿床最有利的地区。Lithium(Li)and beryllium(Be)are strategic metal resources with significant applications in emerging industries such as new materials and information technology.Pakistan is located at the convergence of the Eurasian,Indian and Arabian tectonic plates with favorable Li/Be mineralization conditions.However,due to limited geological investigations the full scope of Li/Be resource potential in Pakistan remains unknown.Low-density geochemical survey(1∶1 million scale)is an effective method for the study of Li/Be mineral distribution and rapid delineation of Li/Be prospective areas.In this paper,the geochemical background of Li/Be in Pakistan is analyzed based on a 1∶1 million low-density geochemical survey.Combined with analysis of the geological background of Li/Be mineralization,the paper aims to determine the prospective areas of Li/Be ore deposits to provide a basis for the prospecting and exploration of rare metal resources in Pakistan.In stream sediments of outcrop areas throughout Pakistan,Li concentrations ranged from 1.56 to 118.2μg/g,with an average of 20.06μg/g,while Be concentrations ranged from 0.07 to 7.16μg/g,averaging 1.22μg/g.Using 92%cumulative frequency data,18 lithium and 12 beryllium geochemical anomaly areas were delineated,and prospective areas were selected accordingly.The Karakorum terrane and the Himalayan Fold Belt were identified as prospective areas for pegmatite-type lithium ore deposits,while the eastern part of the Chagai magmatic arc was identified for saline brine-type lithium ore deposits.The Karakorum terrane was found to be the most favorable area for further exploration of lithium and beryllium mineral resources.

关 键 词：锂和铍 稀有金属 资源潜力 地球化学调查 远景区预测 巴基斯坦 

分 类 号：P632[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]