从中亚岩石冷却的时空差异性浅析天山中新生代隆升剥露的动力来源  

A brief analysis on the dynamic sources of the uplift and exhumation of the Tianshan Mountains during the Meso-Cenozoic based on the spatio-temporal differences of rock cooling in the Central Asia

作　　者：王国灿 赵子豪[2] 申添毅 马骋 周亚波 WANG Guocan;ZHAO Zihao;SHEN Tianyi;MA Cheng;ZHOU Yabo(Center for Global Tectonics,School of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Hubei Key Laboratory of Watershed Critical Zone Evolution,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院全球大地构造研究中心,流域关键带演化湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第1期322-342,共21页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42430307,42172251,41972208);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20179607,DD20160060)。

摘　　要：本文基于系统收集的天山及北部中亚区域磷灰石裂变径迹年龄、U-Th/He年龄和裂变径迹长度数据,通过频度分析和年龄分阶段插值分析,综合刻画了天山和中亚地区中新生代的岩石快速冷却事件的时空差异。结合不同阶段不同区域构造变形的表现,探讨了天山地区不同阶段不同区段岩石快速冷却事件与不同板块边界动力之间的联系。结果显示,天山地区主要经历了晚三叠世、晚侏罗世—早白垩世、晚白垩世—古新世、新生代中晚期4次快速冷却事件。晚三叠世的快速冷却主要分布于天山西段,反映逆冲断层活动引起的岩石抬升剥露,受控于西部图兰(Turan)地体与古亚洲大陆的碰撞。晚侏罗世—早白垩世的快速冷却主要分布于西部的吉尔吉斯天山和东部的东天山地区,均表现为逆冲断层活动引起的岩石抬升剥露。其中西部吉尔吉斯天山的逆冲抬升主要受控于南部的拉萨地体与古亚洲大陆碰撞的远程效应,而东天山主要受控于北部蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋主体闭合的远程效应。晚白垩世—古新世的快速冷却主要为沿大型断裂分布的热冷却事件。其中,西部吉尔吉斯天山、中国西天山和东部东天山南部的觉罗塔格地区,断裂活动引发的快速冷却事件主要发生在晚白垩世晚期—古新世,受控于Kohistan-Dras等岛弧的增生拼贴和最后的印度与欧亚大陆的碰撞,而东天山北部哈尔里克山,右旋转换伸展断裂导致的快速热冷却事件主要发生在相对较早的晚白垩世中期,与北部蒙古—鄂霍茨克造山带后碰撞伸展塌陷事件同步。新生代中晚期的快速冷却主要表现在帕米尔及其以北的天山西段,反映为印度与欧亚板块碰撞后高原崛起向北扩展导致的陆内强烈挤压的远程效应。总之,天山造山带不同区段中新生代不同阶段的岩石快速冷却事件是南部特提斯构造域多块体碰撞和北部蒙古—This paper characterized the spatio-temporal differences in rock rapid cooling events during the Meso-Cenozoic through frequency analysis and phased interpolation based on systematically collected apatite fission track ages,U-Th/He ages,and fission track length data from the Tianshan Mountains and northern Central Asia.And it also discussed the relationship between rock rapid cooling events and the dynamics of plate boundaries by considering tectonic deformation in different regions across various stages.The results indicate that the Tianshan Mountains experienced four primary rapid cooling events,which occurred in the Late Triassic,Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous,Late Cretaceous-Paleogene,and Middle-Late Cenozoic periods.The rapid cooling event in the Late Triassic,mainly observed in the western segment of the Tianshan,is linked to rock uplift and exhumation resulting from reverse thrusting,potentially controlled by the collision between the western Turan block and the paleo-Asian continent.During the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous,rapid cooling was primarily found in the western Kyrgyz Tianshan and the easternmost Tianshan,where both events were associated with thrusting-controlled rock uplift and exhumation.The uplift in the western Kyrgyz Tianshan is probably connected to the far-field effects of the collision between the southern Lhasa block and the paleo-Asian continent,while uplift in the easternmost Tianshan was likely influenced by the far-field effects of the closure of the northern Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.The rapid cooling event during the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene is primarily characterized by thermal cooling along major faults.In the western Kyrgyz Tianshan,western Chinese Tianshan,and the Jueluotage region in the southern part of the eastern Tianshan,this rapid cooling due to faulting mainly occurred in the latest Cretaceous-Paleogene and can be attributed to the accretion of island arcs such as Kohistan-Dras,as well as the final collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates.But in the Harlik Mountai

关 键 词：天山造山带 中新生代 低温热年代学 岩石快速冷却事件 远程效应 

分 类 号：P548[天文地球—构造地质学]