基于流量分配的金属粉尘除尘器多孔介质滤袋结构优化研究  

Porous Medium Filter Bag Structure of Metal Dust Filter Based on Flow Distribution Optimization

作　　者：刘奕歌 陈雅 蒋仲安[1] 杨向东 张志豪 LIU Yige;CHEN Ya;JIANG Zhongan;YANG Xiangdong;ZHANG Zhihao(School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第12期258-268,共11页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC3010602)。

摘　　要：为解决金属粉尘除尘器过滤过程中流场分布不稳定、滤袋过滤效果不均匀,使部分滤袋出现提前破损的问题,运用Fluent软件,模拟滤袋清洁时,不同滤袋长度与直径对除尘室内流场分布的影响。通过分析比较滤袋表面平均风速,得出滤袋长度为1 000 mm、直径为150 mm时除尘器室内滤袋流场均匀性更优。再以滤袋出口过滤风速、最大流量不均系数为评价指标,模拟滤袋表面不同覆尘厚度下的过滤过程,确定出每条滤袋的过滤流量分配、气流均匀性的优劣,对部分评价结果较差的滤袋,提出4种过滤材料的优化方案。通过对比优化方案中每条滤袋的表面风速特征及流量分配均匀特性,结果表明:同时优化进风管口处的2条滤袋滤料为烧结金属丝网,优化出风管正下方滤袋滤料为金属纤维毡,其余滤袋采用原滤料的方案更佳,该方案使得滤袋过滤流场最大流量不均系数、综合流量不均系数分别降低92.19%、92.05%,说明每条滤袋的过滤流量分配更一致,除尘室内风流分布更均匀、更稳定。优化后的多孔介质滤袋结构能更好地使滤袋寿命保持统一,并且将更有利于企业定期维护与整体更换滤袋。To address the issue of premature damage to some filter bags in the process of filtering metal dust in a dust collector due to unstable flow field distribution and uneven filtering effects,Fluent software was used to simulate the impact of different lengths and diameters of filter bags on the flow field distribution inside the dust collector during bag cleaning.By analyzing and comparing the average wind speed on the surface of the filter bags,it was determined that the uniformity of the flow field inside the dust collector was better when length was 1000 mm and diameter was 150 mm of filter bag.Evaluation criteria such as filter outlet filtering wind speed and maximum flow coefficient were used to simulate the filtering process under different dust thicknesses on the surface of the filter bags,determining the distribution of filtering flow and the uniformity of airflow for each filter bag.For filter bags with poor evaluation results,four optimization solutions involving different filter materials were proposed.By comparing the surface wind speed characteristics and flow distribution uniformity of each filter bag in the optimization solutions,it was found that optimizing two filter bags at the inlet with sintered metal wire mesh and the filter bag directly below the outlet with metal fiber felt,while using the original filter material for the remaining bags,was the best solution.This optimization reduced the maximum flow coefficient and comprehensive flow coefficient unevenness by 92.19%and 92.05%respectively,indicating more consistent filtering flow distribution for each filter bag,resulting in a more uniform and stable airflow distribution inside the dust collector.The optimized porous medium filter bag structure can better maintain uniform filter bag life and facilitate regular maintenance and overall replacement of filter bags for the enterprise.

关 键 词：金属粉尘除尘器 数值模拟 流量分配 滤袋优化 

分 类 号：TD714[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]