露天矿复杂地质区域不同排弃方式下排土场变形机理研究  

Deformation Mechanism of Dump with Different Construction Methods in Complex Geological Area of Open Pit Mine

作　　者：杜海瑞 赵红泽[2] 郭帅 DU Hairui;ZHAO Hongze;GUO Shuai(Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650000,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;China Coal Pingshuo Group Co.,Ltd.,Shuozhou 036000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明冶金研究院有限公司,云南昆明650000 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [3]中煤平朔集团有限公司,山西朔州036000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第12期269-274,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2022YFB4703701);深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:SKLGDUEK1923)。

摘　　要：露天煤矿复杂地质区域内排土场的稳定性关系到矿山的正常开采,合理的排弃方法可提高排土场稳定性。安家岭露天矿基底倾角突增、端帮偏折,通过构建三维地质模型对比分析顺倾排弃、端帮支撑式伪倾斜排弃两种方法建设的排土场变形差异,揭示其变形破坏机理。分析表明:排土场沿基底剪切变形滑动,受倾角控制以沉降为主,具有以台阶为单元的连续弧形特征,在排弃空间增大同时伪倾斜排土场变形小于顺倾排土场。顺倾排土场变形方向平行于坡向,位移与距端帮距离为负相关关系,Y向位移在基底形态作用下分两区成锥形分布,端帮支撑式伪倾斜排土场变形分为3区,基底侧与端帮侧分别在重力、侧向约束作用下发生偏转指向临空面,在基底形态与端帮约束下,变形集中在坡面中部,边界近似纺锤形。端帮支撑式伪倾斜排弃方法抑制了排土场变形,削弱了基底表面应力集中现象,端帮附近受上部排弃物的挤压及端帮形态的双重作用易发生剪切破坏。研究成果可为同类地质条件排土场、垃圾填埋场建设提供借鉴。The stability of dump site in complex geological area of open-pit coal mine is related to the normal progress of mining and dumping,and reasonable dumping methods can improve the stability.In Anjialing Open-pit Mine,the inclination of basement suddenly increases and the pit wall deflects.By constructing the 3D numerical model to compare and analyze the deformation differences of dumps built by two dumping methods:dumping direction paralleled to and crosswise to basement inclination respectively,the lateral waste is supported with pit wall,the corresponding failure mechanism was revealed.The result showed that the waste site slides along the bedrock and demonstrated by shear stress,deformation affected by inclination angle is dominated by subsidence,it has the characteristics of continuous arc with steps as unit.The displacement of dump with inclination paralleled to that of bedrock is larger than that of dump with of inclination crosswise to that of bedrock,the latter is larger in size.The deformation direction of dumpsite with inclination identical with that of bedrock is parallel to the dip of basement,and the displacement is negatively correlated with the distance between grid and pit wall.The displacement along Y-direction is distributed in two conical zones under the influence of the base morphology.The deformation direction of dump with dip crosswise to that of bedrock and supported by the pit wall is divided into three parts,and that of zones near foundation and pit wall is deflected and vertically points to the slope surface under the action of gravity and lateral constraints respectively.Under the control of basement morphology and pit wall constraints,the shape of deformation boundary is similar to the spindle shape,located in the middle of the slope.The method of dumping direction crosswise to basement inclination suppresses the dump deformation and weakens the stress concentration on the base surface,the zones near pit wall is prone to shear failure due to the dual effects of the squeezing of the uppe

关 键 词：排土场 背斜 基底 端帮 排弃方法 

分 类 号：TD824.8[矿业工程—煤矿开采]