某院急性上呼吸道感染患儿抗菌药物使用情况分析  

Analysis of the Usage of Antibiotics in Pediatric Patients with Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in a Hospital

作　　者：赵宏巧[1] 杨琳琳 ZHAO Hong-qiao;YANG Lin-lin(The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学第一附属医院,洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国合理用药探索》2024年第12期45-49,共5页Chinese Journal of Rational Drug Use

摘　　要：目的:分析某院急性上呼吸道感染患儿抗菌药物的使用情况。方法:回顾性收集2022年1月~2024年1月期间某院诊疗的368例急性上呼吸道感染患儿资料,分析患儿疾病类型以及抗菌药物使用情况、使用种类、联合用药和使用不合理情况。结果:368例急性上呼吸道感染患儿疾病类型以普通感冒(258例,70.11%)为主,其次为急性扁桃体炎(49例,13.32%)、急性鼻炎(25例,6.79%)。其中276例患儿使用抗菌药物,使用率达75.00%,使用率排名前3位的疾病类型为急性会厌炎、多病共存和急性扁桃体炎。276例急性上呼吸道感染患儿共使用35种抗菌药物(根据ATC 7位编码分类),抗菌药物使用种类频次较高的为第二代头孢菌素类药物(79例,28.62%)、第三代头孢菌素类药物(60例,21.74%)、大环内酯类药物(49例,17.75%)。276例患儿中,220例患儿单独用药(79.71%),50例患儿联合使用2种抗菌药物(18.12%),6例患儿联合使用3种以上抗菌药物(2.17%);83例患儿抗菌药物使用不合理,不合理率达30.07%,不合理情况包括用药指征不合理、药物选择不合理和用药方式不合理。结论:该院急性上呼吸道感染患儿疾病类型主要为普通感冒、急性扁桃体炎、急性鼻炎;抗菌药物使用率较高,且以头孢菌素类药物为主;抗菌药物使用不合理率较高。应加强临床医生培训及用药监控、普及公众合理用药知识,并严格执行诊疗指南,以提高抗菌药物使用的合理性和治疗效果。Objective:To analyze the usage of antibiotics in pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections in a hospital.Methods:Data of 368 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection diagnosed and treated in a hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected,and the types of diseases in the children,as well as the use,types,combination therapy and irrational use of antibiotics were analyzed.Results:The most prevalent diagnosis among the 368 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection was common cold(258 children,70.11%),followed by acute tonsillitis(49 children,13.32%)and acute rhinitis(25 children,6.79%).Among them,276 children were treated with antibiotics,resulting in an antibiotic utilization rate of 75.00%.The top three disease types in terms of utilization rate were acute epiglottitis,co-multimorbidity and acute tonsillitis.Among 276 children diagnosed with acute upper respiratory tract infections,35 different antibiotics were used,classified according to the ATC 7-digit code.The most frequently used antibiotics included second-generation cephalosporins(79 children,28.62%),third-generation cephalosporins(60 children,21.74%)and macrolides(49 children,17.75%).Among the 276 children,220 children received monotherapy(79.71%),50 children were treated with a combination of two antibiotics(18.12%),and 6 children were treated with more than three antibiotics concurrently(2.17%).Irrational use of antibiotics was observed in 83 children,resulting in an irrational utilization rate was 30.07%,including incrrect drug indications,inappropriate drug selection and improper drug usage.Conclusion:The primary diagnoses among children with acute upper respiratory tract infections in a hospital were common cold,acute tonsillitis and acute rhinitis.The antibiotic utilization rate for treatment was notably high,with cephalosporins being the predominant antibiotics.The irrational utilization rate of antibiotic was higher.It is necessary to strengthen the training of clinicians,

关 键 词：急性上呼吸道感染 抗菌药物 合理性 药物选择 用药方式 用药指征 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]