碱性水电解槽反向电流现象产生的原理与改进策略  

MECHANISM AND IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY OF REVERSE CURRENT PHENOMENON IN ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYZER

作　　者：薛世翔 王森 唐超杰 蔡丽丽 李冬梅 刘绍军 Xue Shixiang;Wang Sen;Tang Chaojie;Cai Lili;Li Dongmei;Liu Shaojun(Shanghai Sunwise Energy Systems Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201806,China)

机构地区：[1]上海舜华新能源系统有限公司,上海201806

出　　处：《太阳能》2024年第12期65-71,共7页Solar Energy

基　　金：上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”科技支撑碳达峰碳中和专项(23DZ1200601)。

摘　　要：随着全球对可再生能源需求的不断增加,碱性水电解制氢系统因具有低成本和大规模制氢潜力成为研究和应用的重点。但碱性水电解槽停机或负载波动时会产生反向电流,反向电流现象会造成电解槽内部电极表面催化剂的不可逆相变,影响电解槽的长期稳定性和高效运行。首先介绍了反向电流现象产生的原理,然后对催化材料优化、系统结构优化和系统运行参数优化3种常见的降低反向电流的策略进行了详细综述,并对比了3种策略的优缺点。未来针对碱性水电解槽反向电流的改善应该结合这3种策略,从而实现更加稳定、高效的碱性水电解制氢系统。With the increasing global demand for renewable energy,alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production systems have become a focus of research and application due to their low cost and large-scale hydrogen production potential.However,when the alkaline water electrolyzer is shut down or the load fluctuates,reverse current will be generated,which will cause irreversible phase transition of the catalyst on the electrode surface inside the electrolyzer,affecting the long-term stability and efficient operation of the electrolyzer.This paper first introduces the principle of reverse current generation,and then provides a detailed overview of three common strategies for reducing reverse current:electrocatalytic material optimization,system structure optimization,and system operating parameter optimization.The advantages and disadvantages of the three strategies are compared.In the future,the improvement of reverse current in alkaline water electrolyzer should be combined with these three strategies to achieve a more stable and efficient alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

关 键 词：碱性水电解槽 反向电流 阴极氧化 电极 稳定性 改进策略 运行参数优化 制氢 

分 类 号：TQ151.15[化学工程—电化学工业]