海口市主城区水库消落带维管束植物调查及区系分析  

Investigate and Flora Analysis of Vascular Plants in Reservoir Water-level-fluctuating Zones in the Main Urban Area of Haikou

作　　者：许宇辉 申益春 XU Yuhui;SHEN Yichun(School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第11期90-97,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

摘　　要：海口市是海南自由贸易港核心城市、国际湿地城市。水库作为主城区的重要湿地空间,其消落带维管束植物调查及其区系分析研究尚待开展。为此,研究于2022年9月至2023月8月采用样线和样方调查法,在海口市主城区选择7座水库开展野外调查,共作样方271个,分析维管束植物多样性和区系特征。结果显示:(1)共记录到维管束植物372种,隶属于88科273属;其中蕨类植物7科7属8种,被子植物81科266属364种;群落结构以草本、灌木为主,占物种数的87.90%,乔木较少。外来入侵植物77种,占植物总数20.70%。在科、属水平上,含1~9种的科占总科数的90.91%,单种属占总属数的84.25%。(2)在样地间相似性系数比较中,金牛岭水库差异明显。(3)植物区系热带成分及特征明显,热带分布科、属分别占60.22%、85.72%,具有典型的古热带植物区系分布特征,也表明海口市主城区属热带边缘性质。研究结果可为海口市主城区水库型湿地或类似湿地的植物多样性保护及科学开展水利建设和合理利用提供参考。Haikou is the core city of Hainan Free Trade Port and an international wetland city,and the reservoir serves as an essential wetland space within the scope of the main urban area;however,a survey of vascular plants in the water-level-fluctuating zone and a flora analysis of these plants have yet to be carried out.For this reason,this study used the meth-ods of sample lines and quadrats from October 2022 to August 2023 to select seven reservoirs within the main urban area of Haikou to carry out field surveys,with a total of 271 sample squares,and analyze their vascular plant diversity and zonation characteristics.The results revealed that:(1)A total of 372 species of vascular plants were recorded,belonging to 88 families and 273 genera;among them,eight species belonged to fern(seven families,seven genera),and 364 species belonged to an-giosperms(81 families,266 genera);the community structure was dominated by herbs and shrubs,accounting for 87.90%of the number of species,with fewer trees.There were 77 species of invasive plants,accounting for 20.70%of the total number of plants.At the level of families and genera,families containing one to nine species accounted for 90.91%of the total number of families,and genera with a single species account for 84.25%of the total number of genera.(2)In the comparison of simi-larity coefficients between sample plots,Jinniuling Reservoir was obviously different.(3)The tropical components and char-acteristics of the flora were distinct,accounting for 60.22%and 85.72%of the tropical distribution families and genera,re-spectively,which is typical of the ancient tropical flora and indicates that the main urban area of Haikou has of a tropical fringe nature.The results of this study can provide helpful references for the future conservation of plant diversity in reservoir wetlands or similar wetlands in the main urban area of Haikou,as well as for the scientific development of water conservancy construction and rational utilization.

关 键 词：海口 主城区 水库消落带 维管束植物 区系 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]