三顾荷马——晚清·史诗·《伊里亚德》  

Revisiting Homer and The Iliad in Late⁃Qing China

作　　者：李奭学 LI Sher-shiueh(Academia Sinica,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾“中研院”文哲所,中国

出　　处：《国际比较文学(中英文)》2024年第4期34-53,共20页International Comparative Literature

摘　　要：荷马是西方百代诗宗,明末就已在中文世界现身。逮及清末,因为其时世界史或希腊史的著译大量出现,荷马和尤为《伊里亚德》的史诗大受注目,广泛为人讨论。此时中国有识之士渴求新知,无不透过各种渠道认识世界。基督教传教士和日本学者,系介绍荷马的两股主力,对《伊里亚德》的论述尤其不遗余力。在他们笔下,荷马是希腊第一位历史学家,其次才是位优秀的诗人,与众不同。同理,《伊里亚德》在他们笔下也是有关远古战役的史撰,继而才是记载天神天祗的神话书籍,和我们今天所见略有不同。Homer is regarded as a paradigmatic Western poet.As early as the Ming and the Qing dynasties,his name and most famous epic poem,The Illiad,were introduced into China by Christian missionaries and Japanese scholars.Late imperial Chinese writings in several genres refer to Homer and his works often.But unlike in the West,where Homer would come to be known as the foremost poet of antiquity,late Qing authors,eager to learn more about the world outside China,regarded Homer as Greece’s first historian.Reading his works in the contexts of Greek history and world history,they esteemed The Iliad as a record of an important battle,not chiefly as a literary work celebrating mythical Olympian gods.

关 键 词：荷马 《伊里亚德》 世界史 清末 基督教传教士 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]