双液体系统中的可调控Casimir平衡点  

Tunable Casimir equilibria in dual-liquid system

作　　者：周帅 柳开鹏 戴士为 葛力新 ZHOU Shuai;LIU Kaipeng;DAI Shiwei;GE Lixin(School of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China;Department of Basic Courses,Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450064,China;College of Mathematics and Physics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范大学物理电子工程学院,信阳464000 [2]郑州科技学院基础部,郑州450064 [3]成都理工大学数理学院,成都610059

出　　处：《物理学报》2025年第1期143-150,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11804288);河南省自然科学基金(批准号:232300420120);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(批准号:20231205164502999)资助的课题。

摘　　要：稳定的Casimir平衡点来源于Casimir能函数曲线在空间构成陷阱处的最小值.本文提出了一种基于双液体的可调控Casimir平衡点.在金属衬底上,由于有机溶液和水之间的不相溶性,形成分层液体体系.密度低的溶液在上层,而密度高的溶液在底层.研究发现,沉浸在甲苯或苯溶液中的金属悬浮薄片存在稳定的Casimir平衡点.此外,倒置的溴苯@水系统中也存在Casimir平衡点.这些Casimir平衡点距离液体分层界面的高度可通过水层的厚度实现灵活调控.最后,还分析讨论了系统温度和水的离子浓度对Casimir平衡点的影响.本文开辟了一种调控Casimir平衡点的新途径,并对微纳尺度颗粒的“量子囚禁”具有重要意义.The Casimir effect,a macroscopic manifestation of quantum phenomena,arises from zero-point energy and thermal fluctuations.When two objects are brought into close proximity,the Casimir effect manifests as a repulsive force,while at greater separations,it transforms into an attractive force.There exists a specific distance at which the Casimir force vanishes,which is referred to as the stable Casimir equilibrium.Stable Casimir equilibrium arises from the curve minimum value of the Casimir energy,which can create spatial trapping.The manipulation of stable Casimir equilibrium provides promising applications in fields such as tunable optical resonators and self-assembly.This work presents a scheme for achieving tunable Casimir equilibrium in a dual-liquid system.The system comprises a multilayered stratified structure with a gold substrate.Above the gold substrate,a stratified liquid system is formed due to the immiscibility between organic solutions and water.The lower-density solution is at the top,while the higher-density solution is at the bottom.Our results suggest that a stable Casimir equilibrium for a suspended gold nanoplate can be realized,when the suspended gold nanoplate is immersed in organic solution of toluene or benzene.Moreover,the height of the suspended gold nanoplate,determined by the stable Casimir equilibrium,can be precisely tuned by changing the thickness of the water layer.The effects of finite temperature and ionic concentration on the Casimir equilibria are also analyzed in this work.The results suggest that the separation height of Casimir equilibrium decreases with the increase of temperature.Interestingly,when the Debye shielding length is comparable to or smaller than the separation length,the ion concentration in water significantly affects the Casimir pressure allowing for extensive modulations of Casimir equilibrium.This work opens up a new avenue for adjusting Casimir equilibrium and has important applications in“quantum trapping”of micro-nano particles.

关 键 词：Casimir平衡点 分层现象 悬浮 量子囚禁 

分 类 号：O413.3[理学—理论物理]