完整球形超导转子极轴偏移特性的主要影响因素  

Main factors affecting polaraxis offset characteristics of intact spherical superconducting rotor

作　　者：易显 崔春艳[1,2] †胡新宁 张源 崔旭 李昊 王秋良 YI Xian;CUI Chunyan;HU Xinning;ZHANG Yuan;CUI Xu;LI Hao;WANG Qiuliang(Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Electronics,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Information Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学技术大学信息技术学院,合肥230026

出　　处：《物理学报》2025年第1期281-291,共11页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2023YFF0713500)资助的课题.

摘　　要：超导转子凭借其独特的物理性质,在精密测量领域具有巨大的应用潜力.超导转子磁悬浮装置可制作高精度角速度传感器,在外界干扰力矩作用下,极轴偏移初始位置是引起超导转子极轴漂移误差的原因,其中球面误差和地球自转属于主要误差源,对超导转子球面误差引起的极轴研究结果为提升转子漂移精度、进行误差补偿提供了一定参考.速度进行补偿是实现超导转子磁悬浮装置高精度的关键步骤.基于此,开展了完整球形超导转子球面误差和地球自转对超导转子极轴偏移特性的影响因素研究.首先,本文基于矢量磁势方程对超导转子磁支承结构进行建模,分析了理想状态下(即悬浮于球腔中心位置)超导转子表面的磁场强度分布,研究了磁支承力特性.然后分析了球面误差引起的超导转子的磁支承干扰力矩,并基于超导转子动力学方程,建立了超导转子动力学模型,给出了不同转子结构参数下超导转子极轴漂移误差的分布规律.最后,探讨了地球自转对超导转子漂移测试的影响.研究结果为后续提升转子漂移精度、优化转子结构设计和漂移测试方法的完善提供了参考.Superconducting rotor has great potential applications in the field of precision measurement due to its unique physical properties.The superconducting rotor magnetic levitation device can be used to fabricate highprecision angular velocity sensors.Under the action of external interference torque,the pole-axis deviation from the initial position is the cause of the superconducting rotor pole-axis drift error,in which the spherical surface error and the earth’s rotation belong to the main sources of error,and compensating for the pole-axis drift speed caused by the spherical surface error of the superconducting rotor is a key step in realizing the high-precision superconducting rotor magnetic levitation device.Based on this,the factors affecting the spherical surface error of a complete spherical superconducting rotor and the rotation of the earth on the pole-axis offset characteristics of a superconducting rotor are investigated.First,the magnetic support structure of the superconducting rotor is modeled based on the vector magnetic potential equation,the magnetic field strength distribution on the surface of the superconducting rotor in the ideal state(i.e.suspended in the center of the spherical cavity)is analyzed,and the magnetic support force characteristics are investigated.Then the magnetic support interference moment of the superconducting rotor caused by the spherical surface error is analyzed,and a superconducting rotor dynamics model is established based on the superconducting rotor dynamics equations,and the distribution law of the superconducting rotor pole-axis drift error under different rotor structural parameters is given.Finally,the influence of the earth’s rotation on the superconducting rotor drift test is investigated.The results provide a reference for subsequently improving rotor drift accuracy,optimizing rotor structure design and improving drift test methods.

关 键 词：完整球形超导转子 球面误差 极轴偏移特性 地球自转 

分 类 号：O511.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]