飞行空间定向视觉注意能力的评价方法研究  

A method for evaluation of visual attention ability in flight spatial orientation

作　　者：熊端琴 戈含笑 林榕 田燕 范丽霞 杜健 胡译文 贾宏博 XIONG Duanqin;GE Hanxiao;LIN Rong;TIAN Yan;FAN Lixia;DU Jian;HU Yiwen;JIA Hongbo(Department of Aviation Psychology Research,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142;Troops 93762,PLA;Partment of aeronautical physiological identification training laboratory,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空心理研究室,北京100142 [2]解放军93762部队 [3]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空生理鉴定训练研究室

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2024年第6期481-486,共6页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

摘　　要：目的建立飞行空间定向视觉注意能力评价方法和评价分数常模,为飞行员空间定向过程中的视觉注意能力评价提供参考。方法选取168名歼击机飞行员,其中32名采用静态注意量表、桌面动态模拟飞行试验系统和错觉模拟训练系统进行测试,分析测试数据后确定评价任务和评价指标。35名参加评价系统的信度和效度测试,101名参加评价系统的飞行员常模分数测试。采集195人次飞行员测试数据,建立飞行员空间定向视觉注意能力评价分数常模。结果通过试验,将模拟飞行主任务和告警信息反应次任务的双重任务作为评价范式,其中飞行主任务含5项(或阶段)模拟飞行作战任务,次任务含警告和注意两级告警信息的反应任务;确定13项评价指标;评价系统的重测信度和效标关联效度均具有统计学意义(r=0.993、0.753,P均<0.001)。基于195人次测试数据建立评价分数常模和飞行员空间定向视觉注意能力评价方法。结论本研究建立针对飞行员空间定向视觉注意能力的评价任务与评价指标,开发的评价系统经过信度和效度检验,证明其具有良好的可靠性和有效性。所建立的评价方法可用于飞行员空间定向视觉注意能力的选拔、评估与训练,为飞行员的选拔和培养工作提供有力的技术支持。Objective To establish an evaluation method for visual attention ability in flight spatial orientation.Methods 168 fighter pilots took part in the study.Thirty-two fighter pilots were selected as the subjects before tasks and indicators for evaluation were determined via experiments using static attention scales,desktop dynamic simulation flight experimental systems,and illusion simulation training systems.An evaluation system was developed and 35 pilots were enrolled in the experiment to test the reliability and validity of the system.Test data from 195 pilots was used to establish the score norm for evaluation.Results The dual task in which the primary task was simulating flight while the secondary task was responding to the warning information was used as the evaluation paradigm.The primary task involved five tasks of simulating flight combat or stages,while the secondary tasks included 2-level response tasks to information on warning and attention.Thirteen evaluation indicators were identified.The retest reliability and criterion-related validity of the evaluation system were 0.993 and 0.753,respectively,both of which were statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Tasks and indexes for evaluation of pilots'visual attention ability in spatial orientation have been established,which have proved the good reliability and validity of the system.At the same time,a set of evaluation methods has been established,which can be used for the selection,evaluation and training of pilots'visual attention ability in spatial orientation.

关 键 词：飞行空间定向 视觉注意能力 评价方法 双重任务 

分 类 号：R852.32[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]