AP@Al复合材料的制备及燃烧性能研究  

Research on preparation and combustion performance of AP@Al composites

作　　者：张婷婷 姜艳秋 霍文龙 夏德斌 张健 王平 林凯峰 杨玉林 ZHANG Tingting;JIANG Yanqiu;HUO Wenlong;XIA Debin;ZHANG Jian;WANG Ping;LIN Kaifeng;YANG Yulin(Harbin Institute of Technology,School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2024年第6期803-814,共12页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：传统铝(Al)基推进剂燃烧时,Al的团聚现象以及产生的凝相燃烧产物会造成严重的两相流损失,导致比冲下降。为了增加氧化剂和燃料之间的有效接触,设计并制备了NH_(4)ClO_(4)@Al(AP@Al)复合材料,并对其形貌、结构、热分解性能、燃烧性能、残渣粒径及燃烧机理等进行研究。结果表明,在AP@Al复合材料中,Al粉均匀分散在AP表面,有效增加二者的接触面积,缩短传质传热距离。AP分解产生大量气体,有助于分散Al粉颗粒,同时促进Al粉与氧化性气氛的充分接触,进一步促进Al粉的燃烧,降低燃烧残渣颗粒尺寸。与物理混合样品相比,含AP@Al丁羟(AP@Al-HTPB)推进剂燃烧火焰最高温度提高28%,燃烧时间缩短5.1%,燃烧速率提升5.6%,残渣平均粒径缩小32.7%,AP@Al-HTPB推进剂燃烧性能明显提高。During the combustion of traditional aluminum-based propellants,Al agglomeration and products of condensed phase combustion would cause serious two-phase flow loss,resulting in a decrease in specific impulse.In this work,NH_(4)ClO_(4)@Al(AP@Al)composites were designed and prepared to increase the effective contact between oxidant and fuel,and the morphology,structure,thermal decomposition performance,combustion performance,residue particle size and combustion mechanism of AP@Al were studied.The results show that Al powder is evenly dispersed on the surface of AP in AP@Al composites,which effectively increases their contact area and shortens the distance of mass and heat transfer.The decomposition of AP produces a large amount of gas,which helps to disperse Al powder.The full contact between Al powder and oxidizing atmosphere not only promote the combustion of Al powder,but also reduce the particle size of combustion residue.Compared with the physical mixture,the combustion flame maximum temperature of AP@Al-HTPB propellant is increased by 28%.And the combustion time is shortened by 5.1%.Accordingly,the combustion rate is increased by 5.6%.In addition,the particle size of residue is reduced by 32.7%.To sum up,the combustion performance of AP@Al-HTPB propellant is obviously improved.

关 键 词：铝粉 高氯酸铵 丁羟推进剂 燃烧 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]